How to format your references using the Health Care Management Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Health Care Management Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Helmuth L (2000) ALZHEIMER’S CONGRESS: Further Progress on a. Science 289:375a

A journal article with 2 authors

Larsen PL, Clarke CF (2002) Extension of life-span in Caenorhabditis elegans by a diet lacking coenzyme Q. Science 295:120–123

A journal article with 3 authors

Skipper M, Weiss U, Gray N (2010) Plasticity. Nature 465:703

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Eremets MI, Struzhkin VV, Mao H, Hemley RJ (2001) Superconductivity in boron. Science 293:272–274

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Simon L (2013) Control of Biological and Drug-Delivery Systems for Chemical, Biomedical, and Pharmaceutical Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Kurtz J (2014) ASP.NET Web API 2: Building a REST Service from Start to Finish. Apress, Berkeley, CA

A chapter in an edited book

Heinz S, Friedman S, Churazov E (2015) Vortex Generation by Shock-Bubble Interaction in Galaxy Clusters. In: Bonazza R, Ranjan D (eds) 29th International Symposium on Shock Waves 1: Volume 1. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 35–42

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Health Care Management Science.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Intermittent Fasting Could be Beneficial to Health. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1994) Joint Simulation Training. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Marquez RA (2009) Examining coping skills used to deal with daily stressors of law enforcement. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly AL (2007) The Struggle to Move Beyond ‘Why Me?’ New York Times F5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Health Care Management Science
Abbreviation	Health Care Manag. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1386-9620
ISSN (online)	1572-9389
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) General Health Professions