How to format your references using the Hague Journal on the Rule of Law citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hague Journal on the Rule of Law. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jackson CM (2005) Archaeology. Glassmaking in Bronze-Age Egypt. Science 308:1750–1752

A journal article with 2 authors

Stebbins CE, Galán JE (2001) Structural mimicry in bacterial virulence. Nature 412:701–705

A journal article with 3 authors

Singhal N, Kumar M, Virdi JS (2014) Molecular analysis of β-lactamase genes to understand their differential expression in strains of Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A. Sci Rep 4:5270

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Olson LE, Richtsmeier JT, Leszl J, Reeves RH (2004) A chromosome 21 critical region does not cause specific Down syndrome phenotypes. Science 306:687–690

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Otto M (2016) Chemometrics. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Albini A (2016) Paradigms in Green Chemistry and Technology. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Sagarin R, Pauchard A (2012) Using All the Senses in Ecology. In: Pauchard A (ed) Observation and Ecology: Broadening the Scope of Science to Understand a Complex World. Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, Washington, DC, pp 47–61

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hague Journal on the Rule of Law.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2015) Watch SpaceX’s Falcon 9 Rocket Almost Land On Floating Barge—It Was So Close! In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/watch-spacex-almost-land-its-falcon-9-rocket-floating-barge-it-was-so-close/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993) Aviation Safety: Slow Progress in Making Aircraft Cabin Interiors Fireproof. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Andrade NA (2008) Environmental fate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in agricultural soils which have received biosolids application. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ervin A (2017) Tales of the Unhinged. New York Times BR18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Jackson 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Stebbins and Galán 2001; Jackson 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stebbins and Galán 2001)
Three or more authors: (Olson et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hague Journal on the Rule of Law
ISSN (print)	1876-4045
ISSN (online)	1876-4053
Scope	Law