How to format your references using the Gynecological Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gynecological Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gould P (2002) Portraits of science. Two good women, or too good to be true? Science 296:1805–1806

A journal article with 2 authors

Thiel PA, Dubois JM (2000) Quasicrystals. Electrons in a strange sea. Nature 406:570–1, 573

A journal article with 3 authors

Tobler PN, Fiorillo CD, Schultz W (2005) Adaptive coding of reward value by dopamine neurons. Science 307:1642–1645

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xu J, Peng C, Sankaran VG, et al (2011) Correction of sickle cell disease in adult mice by interference with fetal hemoglobin silencing. Science 334:993–996

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Malamed C (2015) Visual Design Solutions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Pasterkamp RJ, Smidt MP, Burbach JPH (2009) Development and Engineering of Dopamine Neurons. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Almeida A, Rebelo F, Noriega P (2016) Development of a Virtual Environment for Safety Warnings Behavior Compliance Evaluation. In: Rebelo F, Soares M (eds) Advances in Ergonomics in Design: Proceedings of the AHFE 2016 International Conference on Ergonomics in Design, July 27-31, 2016, Walt Disney World®, Florida, USA. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 35–42

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gynecological Surgery.

Blog post

Luntz S (2017) Vaporized Comets Or Asteroids Detected Around A Young Star. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/vaporized-comets-or-asteroids-detected-around-a-young-star/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Air Traffic Control: Status of FAA’s Modernization Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Janpengpen A (2010) Monitoring and forecasting biosolids odors at prior lime and post lime addition in wastewater treatment plants. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hechinger J (2017) Get the Keg Out of the Frat House. New York Times A27

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gynecological Surgery
Abbreviation	Gynecol. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1613-2076
ISSN (online)	1613-2084
Scope	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Surgery

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