How to format your references using the Gynecological Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gynecological Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Herculano-Houzel S (2013) Neuroscience. Sleep it out. Science 342:316–317

A journal article with 2 authors

Dioumaev VK, Bullock RM (2003) A recyclable catalyst that precipitates at the end of the reaction. Nature 424:530–532

A journal article with 3 authors

Lambertucci SA, Shepard ELC, Wilson RP (2015) Ecology. Human-wildlife conflicts in a crowded airspace. Science 348:502–504

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Jasmin L, Rabkin SD, Granato A, et al (2003) Analgesia and hyperalgesia from GABA-mediated modulation of the cerebral cortex. Nature 424:316–320

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Qiu X, Ding C, Hu D (2013) Bistatic SAR Data Processing Algorithms. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd., Solaris South Tower, Singapore

An edited book

Pons JL, Torricelli D (2014) Emerging Therapies in Neurorehabilitation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Schuetze HJ, Antecol H (2006) Immigration, Entrepreneurship and the Venture Start-up Process. In: Parker S (ed) The Life Cycle of Entrepreneurial Ventures. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 107–135

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gynecological Surgery.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Giant Tortoises Bounce Back! In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/giant-tortoises-have-bounced-back-galapagos-isle/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Child Support Enforcement: Certification Process for State Information Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coleman KM (2015) Parent involvement in the promotion of healthy outcomes for young girls: A grant writing project. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly F (1984) ETHNIC ORAL HISTORY BECOMING BOOKLETS. New York Times 11NJ13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gynecological Surgery
Abbreviation	Gynecol. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1613-2076
ISSN (online)	1613-2084
Scope	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Surgery