How to format your references using the Gut Pathogens citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gut Pathogens. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Dahl-Jensen D. CLIMATE CHANGE: Enhanced: The Greenland Ice Sheet Reacts. Science. 2000;289:404–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Phillpot SR, Sinnott SB. Materials science. Simulating multifunctional structures. Science. 2009;325:1634–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Holmberg J, Clarke DL, Frisén J. Regulation of repulsion versus adhesion by different splice forms of an Eph receptor. Nature. 2000;408:203–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Murakami M, Ohte N, Suzuki T, Ishii N, Igarashi Y, Tanoi K. Biological proliferation of cesium-137 through the detrital food chain in a forest ecosystem in Japan. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3599.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Furger C. Live Cell Assays. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

1. Dastani M, Sirjani M, editors. Fundamentals of Software Engineering: 6th International Conference, FSEN 2015, Tehran, Iran, April 22-24, 2015. Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Fontani M, Orna MV, Costa M. Chemists in the Period of the Institute for Higher Practical Studies and Specialization (1859–1924). In: Orna MV, Costa M, editors. Chemistry and Chemists in Florence: From the Last of the Medici Family to the European Magnetic Resonance Center. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 25–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gut Pathogens.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Bilingual Chimps Can Grunt “Apple” in Two Languages. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Information and Technology Management: Achieving Sustained and Focused Governmentwide Leadership. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001 Apr. Report No.: GAO-01-583T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Riley JM. Was Sloth the Ultimate Slow Food? An Archaeological Examination of Padre Nuestro Cavern, Dominican Republic [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kishkovsky S. Russian Orthodox Church Adds Influential Voice to Calls for Election Reform. New York Times. 2011 Dec 12;A7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gut Pathogens
Abbreviation	Gut Pathog.
ISSN (online)	1757-4749
Scope	Microbiology Parasitology Virology Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases