How to format your references using the Gut Pathogens citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gut Pathogens. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. van Leeuwen JL. Plant science. Launched at 36,000g. Science. 2010;329:395–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. de Wit M, Stankiewicz J. Changes in surface water supply across Africa with predicted climate change. Science. 2006;311:1917–21.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ma H, Aihara K, Chen L. Detecting causality from nonlinear dynamics with short-term time series. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7464.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Xia W, Qiu B, Xia D, Zou R. Facile preparation of hierarchically porous carbons from metal-organic gels and their application in energy storage. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1935.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Vanclef J. The Wealth Code 2.0. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

1. Colombo E. Financial Market Imperfections and Corporate Decisions: Lessons from the Transition Process in Hungary. Stanca L, editor. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Piña B, Boronat S, Casado M, Olivares A. Recombinant Yeast Assays and Gene Expression Assays for the Analysis of Endocrine Disruption. In: Barceló D, Hansen P-D, editors. Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring of Aquatic Systems: Bioanalytical and Chemical Methods for Endocrine Disruptors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 69–113.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gut Pathogens.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Ancient Two-Faced Fish Suggests Our Ancestor Wasn’t Shark-Like [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-two-faced-fish-suggests-our-ancestor-wasnt-shark/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Examination Into Certain Irregularities Reported as Existing at the Department of Labor Atterbury Job Corps Center near Edinburg, Indiana. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972 Oct. Report No.: B-130515.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Nunez FV. A study of the application of the concepts of Karen Horney in leadership development within the National Management Association of the Boeing Company [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly K, Davis JH. Lawsuit Challenges the Secrecy of White House Advisers on Infrastructure. New York Times. 2017 Jul 25;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gut Pathogens
Abbreviation	Gut Pathog.
ISSN (online)	1757-4749
Scope	Microbiology Parasitology Virology Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases