How to format your references using the Gut Microbes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gut Microbes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Crow JM. Therapeutics: Silencing psoriasis. Nature 2012; 492:S58-9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Smith SA, Donoghue MJ. Rates of molecular evolution are linked to life history in flowering plants. Science 2008; 322:86–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brunkard JO, Runkel AM, Zambryski PC. Evolution. Comment on “A promiscuous intermediate underlies the evolution of LEAFY DNA binding specificity.” Science 2015; 347:621.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Walden WE, Selezneva AI, Dupuy J, Volbeda A, Fontecilla-Camps JC, Theil EC, Volz K. Structure of dual function iron regulatory protein 1 complexed with ferritin IRE-RNA. Science 2006; 314:1903–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wilson RC. The Hedge Fund Book. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Martínez L. The 2-tuple Linguistic Model: Computing with Words in Decision Making. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Aydin CE. Survey Methods for Assessing Social Impacts of Computers in Healthcare Organizations. In: Anderson JG, Aydin CE, editors. Evaluating the Organizational Impact of Healthcare Information Systems. New York, NY: Springer; 2005. page 75–128.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gut Microbes.

Blog post

Andrews R. Oslo To Combat Climate Change By Going Traffic-Free By 2019. IFLScience2015;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA Procurement: Approach to Sharing Risk Under Certain Research and Development Contracts Is Starting to Change. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Slabaugh JL. The Occurrence of Alternans and Arrhythmias in a Multicellular, Cardiac Preparation. 2012;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Finish Is a Beacon Of an Alluring World Cup. New York Times2010; :D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Gut Microbes
Abbreviation	Gut Microbes
ISSN (print)	1949-0976
ISSN (online)	1949-0984
Scope	Microbiology Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)