How to format your references using the Gut Microbes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gut Microbes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Atreya S. Planetary science. Titan’s organic factory. Science 2007; 316:843–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Boos WR, Kuang Z. Sensitivity of the South Asian monsoon to elevated and non-elevated heating. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1192.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yonezawa H, Aoki T, Furusawa A. Demonstration of a quantum teleportation network for continuous variables. Nature 2004; 431:430–3.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Domergue R, Castaño I, De Las Peñas A, Zupancic M, Lockatell V, Hebel JR, Johnson D, Cormack BP. Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI. Science 2005; 308:866–70.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Moreau N. Tools for Signal Compression. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Christianson B, Crispo B, Malcolm JA, Roe M, editors. Security Protocols: 13th International Workshop, Cambridge, UK, April 20-22, 2005, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Woodrow-Lafield KA. A Sociology of Official Unauthorized Statistics: Estimation or Guesstimation? In: Hoque N, Swanson DA, editors. Opportunities and Challenges for Applied Demography in the 21st Century. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012. page 49–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gut Microbes.

Blog post

Andrew E. Novel Method of Detecting the Earliest Black Holes [Internet]. IFLScience2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/novel-method-detecting-earliest-black-holes/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Internet Protocol Version 6: Federal Agencies Need to Plan for Transition and Manage Security Risks. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Jin H. Periodic Motions and Bifurcation Tree in a Periodically Excited Duffing Oscillator with Time-delay. 2014;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Fans in Green and Blue Give Life to Drab Stadium. New York Times2010; :B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Gut Microbes
Abbreviation	Gut Microbes
ISSN (print)	1949-0976
ISSN (online)	1949-0984
Scope	Microbiology Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)