How to format your references using the Global Ecology and Biogeography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Global Ecology and Biogeography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marty, T. (2012) Research efficiency: Clean up the waste. Nature, 484, 27–28.

A journal article with 2 authors

Teague, B.P. & Weiss, R. (2015) SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY. Synthetic communities, the sum of parts. Science (New York, N.Y.), 349, 924–925.

A journal article with 3 authors

Whiteus, C., Freitas, C. & Grutzendler, J. (2014) Perturbed neural activity disrupts cerebral angiogenesis during a postnatal critical period. Nature, 505, 407–411.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Robinson, E.J.H., Jackson, D.E., Holcombe, M. & Ratnieks, F.L.W. (2005) Insect communication: “no entry” signal in ant foraging. Nature, 438, 442.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hamad, W.Y. (2017) Cellulose Nanocrystals, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Levin, B.W. (2016) Physics of Tsunamis, 2nd ed. 2016. (ed. by M. Nosov) Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Caldarini, C., Catalano, P., Piccioli, A., Spinelli, M.S. & Zavaroni, F. (2015) Oncologic Pathologies. Bones: Orthopaedic Pathologies in Roman Imperial Age (ed. by V. Gazzaniga) and P. Catalano), pp. 103–127. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Global Ecology and Biogeography.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015) NASA Tests Buoyant Rover That Could Explore Europa’s Ocean. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1994) Aviation Security: Development of New Security Technology Has Not Met Expectations, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tiedemann-Fuller, P.M. (2008) A descriptive Rorschach study of children who have experienced chronic complex abuse.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2002) If You Can’t Stand the Name, Get Out of Hell’s Kitchen. New York Times, 144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marty, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Marty, 2012; Teague & Weiss, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Teague & Weiss, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Robinson et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Global Ecology and Biogeography
Abbreviation	Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.
ISSN (print)	1466-822X
ISSN (online)	1466-8238
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology Global and Planetary Change