How to format your references using the Geoscientific Model Development Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geoscientific Model Development Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mejia, R.: Human rights: from accountability to rebuilding, Science, 313, 289, 2006.

A journal article with 2 authors

Blume-Jensen, P. and Hunter, T.: Oncogenic kinase signalling, Nature, 411, 355–365, 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

Santamaría, L., Diaz, M., and Valladares, F.: Science in Europe. Dark clouds over Spanish science, Science, 340, 1292, 2013.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Takahashi, K., Wang, Y., Chiba, S., Nakagawa, Y., Isobe, S., and Ohnuki, S.: Low temperature hydrogenation of iron nanoparticles on graphene, Sci. Rep., 4, 4598, 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chandru, V. and Hooker, J.: Optimization Methods for Logical Inference, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 1999.

An edited book

Mita, M., Mita, A., and Rowinsky, E. K. (Eds.): mTOR Inhibition for Cancer Therapy: Past, Present and Future, 1st ed. 2016., Springer, Paris, VI, 300 p. 16 illus., 13 illus. in color pp., 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Ciaschini, M., De Angelis, M., Monteriù, A., Pretaroli, R., Severini, F., and Socci, C.: Investments and Sustainability of Public Expenditure in the Health Sector, in: Ambient Assisted Living: Italian Forum 2014, edited by: Andò, B., Siciliano, P., Marletta, V., and Monteriù, A., Springer International Publishing, Cham, 35–46, 2015.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geoscientific Model Development Discussions.

Blog post

New Findings: Anxiety Is Linked To Death From Cancer In Men: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-findings-anxiety-is-linked-to-death-from-cancer-in-men/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Intermodal Transportation: Potential Strategies Would Redefine Federal Role in Developing Airport Intermodal Capabilities, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Watkins, J. J.: Victor Echo Tango (VET) Support Services Inc, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Minder, R. and Callimachi, R.: Officials Hunting for a Moroccan Man in the Barcelona Attack Investigation, New York Times, 19th August, A9, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mejia, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Blume-Jensen and Hunter, 2001; Mejia, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Blume-Jensen and Hunter, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Takahashi et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geoscientific Model Development Discussions
Abbreviation	Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss.
ISSN (online)	1991-962X
Scope