How to format your references using the Case Reports in Gastroenterology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Case Reports in Gastroenterology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ihde D. Putting technology in its place. Nature. 2000 Apr;404(6781):935.

A journal article with 2 authors

Page MT, Hough SE. The New Madrid Seismic Zone: not dead yet. Science. 2014 Feb;343(6172):762–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaufman YJ, Tanré D, Boucher O. A satellite view of aerosols in the climate system. Nature. 2002 Sep;419(6903):215–23.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kalsin AM, Fialkowski M, Paszewski M, Smoukov SK, Bishop KJM, Grzybowski BA. Electrostatic self-assembly of binary nanoparticle crystals with a diamond-like lattice. Science. 2006 Apr;312(5772):420–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vitale J, Len IH. Zero Limits. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2008.

An edited book

Tonchia S. Performance Measurement: Linking Balanced Scorecard to Business Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Hafez AI, Hassanien AE, Fahmy AA. Testing Community Detection Algorithms: A Closer Look at Datasets. In: Panda M, Dehuri S, Wang G-N, editors. Social Networking: Mining, Visualization, and Security. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014; pp 85–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Case Reports in Gastroenterology.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Do Mobile Phones Give You Brain Cancer? [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016 Aug [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/do-mobile-phones-give-you-brain-cancer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Office of Education’s Efforts To Recover Overpayments from Denver Indian Center. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pockross AF. Campbell, Turner and dog training in Adam Freeman Pockross’s “Every Good Boy Deserves Fudge.” 2010

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Blinder A, Philipps D. Marine Crash Victims: Young Fathers, a Humming Sergeant, a Proud Texan. New York Times. 2017 Jul;A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Case Reports in Gastroenterology
Abbreviation	Case Rep. Gastroenterol.
ISSN (online)	1662-0631
Scope	Gastroenterology

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