How to format your references using the Geoscientific Model Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geoscientific Model Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brazeau, M. D.: The braincase and jaws of a Devonian “acanthodian” and modern gnathostome origins, Nature, 457, 305–308, 2009.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jones, A. G. and Ferguson, I. J.: The electric Moho, Nature, 409, 331–333, 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

Komarova, N. L., Levy, D. N., and Wodarz, D.: Synaptic transmission and the susceptibility of HIV infection to anti-viral drugs, Sci. Rep., 3, 2103, 2013.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Ohlrogge, J., Allen, D., Berguson, B., Dellapenna, D., Shachar-Hill, Y., and Stymne, S.: Energy. Driving on biomass, Science, 324, 1019–1020, 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Le Menn, M.: Instrumentation and Metrology in Oceanography, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2012.

An edited book

Dal Fabbro, P. A.: Linear CMOS RF Power Amplifiers for Wireless Applications: Efficiency Enhancement and Frequency-Tunable Capability, edited by: Kayal, M., Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, XIV, 220 p pp., 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Pelagatti*, M. M.: Price Indexes across Space and Time and the Stochastic Properties of Prices, in: Price Indexes in Time and Space: Methods and Practice, edited by: Biggeri, L. and Ferrari, G., Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg, 97–114, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geoscientific Model Development.

Blog post

Indian Woman In Her Seventies Gives Birth To First Child: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/indian-woman-her-seventies-gives-birth-first-child/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Transportation Infrastructure: Department of Transportation Highway and Mass Transit Program Reauthorization Proposals, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Milner, M.: An evaluation of the influence of case method instruction on the reflective thinking of MSW students, Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kanter, J.: E.U. Lawmakers Approve Canada Trade Deal, in Message to Trump, New York Times, 15th February, B2, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Brazeau, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Brazeau, 2009; Jones and Ferguson, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jones and Ferguson, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Ohlrogge et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geoscientific Model Development
Abbreviation	Geosci. Model Dev.
ISSN (print)	1991-959X
ISSN (online)	1991-9603
Scope