How to format your references using the Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Powell, Kendall. 2003. “The Data Busters.” Nature 421 (6926): 970–973.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ford, Richard, and Eugene H. Spafford. 2007. “Computer Science. Happy Birthday, Dear Viruses.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 317 (5835): 210–211.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yu, Yiling, Lujun Huang, and Linyou Cao. 2014. “Semiconductor Solar Superabsorbers.” Scientific Reports 4 (February): 4107.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Haine, Eleanor R., Yannick Moret, Michael T. Siva-Jothy, and Jens Rolff. 2008. “Antimicrobial Defense and Persistent Infection in Insects.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 322 (5905): 1257–1259.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grove, Larry C. 1997. Groups and Characters. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Castillo-Chavez, Carlos, Hsinchun Chen, William B. Lober, Mark Thurmond, and Daniel Zeng, eds. 2011. Infectious Disease Informatics and Biosurveillance: Research, Systems and Case Studies. Vol. 27. Integrated Series in Information Systems. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Palosz, B., S. Gierlotka, A. Swiderska-Sroda, K. Fietkiewicz, G. Kalisz, E. Grzanka, S. Stel’makh, and W. Palosz. 2005. “Combining Hard with Soft Materials in Nanoscale under High-Pressure High-Temperature Conditions.” In Innovative Superhard Materials and Sustainable Coatings for Advanced Manufacturing: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Innovative Superhard Materials and Sustainable Coatings Kiev, Ukraine 12–15 May 2004, edited by Jay Lee, Nikolay Novikov, and Vladimir Turkevich, 43–62. NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards.

Blog post

Taub, Ben. 2017. “Megalodon Shark May Have Died Out Because It Refused To Pick On Someone Its Own Size.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/magalodon-shark-may-died-out-because-refused-pick-someone-its-own-size/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2007. Intercollegiate Athletics: Recent Trends in Teams and Participants in National Collegiate Athletic Association Sports. GAO-07-535. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cornejo, Veronica M. 2010. “Teachers’ Perceptions about Promoting Mental Health in the Classroom.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, Linda. 2008. “A Second Case on Detainees Complicates Supreme Court Deliberations.” New York Times, February 6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Powell 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Powell 2003; Ford and Spafford 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ford and Spafford 2007)
Three authors: (Yu, Huang, and Cao 2014)
4 or more authors: (Haine et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards
ISSN (print)	1749-9518
ISSN (online)	1749-9526
Scope	Geology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality Building and Construction