How to format your references using the Geology of the Intermountain West citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geology of the Intermountain West. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meinwald, J., 2011, Retrospective. Thomas Eisner (1929-2011): Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 332, no. 6029, p. 549.

A journal article with 2 authors

Demaine, L.J., and Fellmeth, A.X., 2003, Patent law. Natural substances and patentable inventions: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 300, no. 5624, p. 1375–1376.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jansen, J.F.A., Gearhart, J.D., and Bulte, J.W.M., 2008, Comment on “Magnetic resonance spectroscopy identifies neural progenitor cells in the live human brain”: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 321, no. 5889, p. 640.

A journal article with 15 or more authors

Chanelière, T., Matsukevich, D.N., Jenkins, S.D., Lan, S.-Y., Kennedy, T.A.B., and Kuzmich, A., 2005, Storage and retrieval of single photons transmitted between remote quantum memories: Nature, v. 438, no. 7069, p. 833–836.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chu, P.P., 2011, Embedded SoPC Design with Nios II Processor and VHDL Examples: Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Chen, H., Wang, F.-Y., Yang, C.C., Zeng, D., Chau, M., and Chang, K. (Eds.), 2006, Intelligence and Security Informatics: International Workshop, WISI 2006, Singapore, April 9, 2006. Proceedings: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, XII, 188 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Sergi, M., Caboi, F., Maullu, C., Orsini, G., and Tonon, G., 2009, Enzymatic techniques for PEGylation of biopharmaceuticals, in Veronese, F.M., editor, PEGylated Protein Drugs: Basic Science and Clinical Applications: Basel, Birkhäuser, p. 75–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geology of the Intermountain West.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015, Study Finds Gamers Have Greater Cognitive Function And More Grey Matter: Online, https://www.iflscience.com/brain/expert-gamers-show-greater-cognitive-function-their-amateur-counterparts/, accessed October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013, Communications Networks: Outcome-Based Measures Would Assist DHS in Assessing Effectiveness of Cybersecurity Efforts: U.S. Government Printing Office GAO-13-275.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grace, J., 2017, A Correlational Study of the Relationship Between TEAS V and Success in Licensed Practical Nursing Students: Phoenix, AZ, University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sansal, B., 2017, The altered state of France: New York Times, p. 0.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Meinwald, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Demaine and Fellmeth, 2003; Meinwald, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Demaine and Fellmeth, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Chanelière et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geology of the Intermountain West
ISSN (print)	2380-7601
Scope