How to format your references using the Geology of the Intermountain West citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geology of the Intermountain West. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fuyuno, I., 2006, Stuck in the middle: Nature, v. 442, no. 7100, p. 237.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fetler, L., and Amigorena, S., 2005, Neuroscience. Brain under surveillance: the microglia patrol: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 309, no. 5733, p. 392–393.

A journal article with 3 authors

von Caemmerer, S., Quick, W.P., and Furbank, R.T., 2012, The development of C₄rice: current progress and future challenges: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 336, no. 6089, p. 1671–1672.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bianco, P.R., Brewer, L.R., Corzett, M., Balhorn, R., Yeh, Y., Kowalczykowski, S.C., and Baskin, R.J., 2001, Processive translocation and DNA unwinding by individual RecBCD enzyme molecules: Nature, v. 409, no. 6818, p. 374–378.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McCrary, S.A., 2010, Mastering Corporate Finance Essentials: Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Gelbukh, A. (Ed.), 2009, Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing: 10th International Conference, CICLing 2009, Mexico City, Mexico, March 1-7, 2009. Proceedings: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, XV, 604 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Broccard, A.F., and Feihl, F., 2008, Interactions Between the Pulmonary Circulation and Ventilation: An Overview for Intensivists, in Lucangelo, U., Pelosi, P., Zin, W.A., and Aliverti, A., editors, Respiratory System and Artificial Ventilation: Milano, Springer, p. 47–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geology of the Intermountain West.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2016, Beautiful And Terrifying Time-Lapse Shows Antibiotic Resistance In Action: Online, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/beautiful-and-terrifying-timelapse-shows-antibiotic-resistance-in-action/, accessed October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1979, The Federal Weather Program Must Have Stronger Central Direction: U.S. Government Printing Office LCD-80-10.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thiagarajan, T.T., 2017, A Simple and Effective Peak-To-Average Power Ratio Reduction Approach Based on Iterative Companding Transform and Filtering Framework of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Signal: Long Beach, CA, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schmidt, M.S., and Apuzzo, M., 2017, Mueller’s Moves Point to Inquiry Aimed at Trump: New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fuyuno, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Fetler and Amigorena, 2005; Fuyuno, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fetler and Amigorena, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Bianco et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geology of the Intermountain West
ISSN (print)	2380-7601
Scope