How to format your references using the Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pickup, D. J. (2010). Cell biology. Propelling progeny. Science (New York, N.Y.), 327(5967), 787–788.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ito, T., & Yokoyama, S. (2010). Two enzymes bound to one transfer RNA assume alternative conformations for consecutive reactions. Nature, 467(7315), 612–616.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kurin-Csörgei, K., Epstein, I. R., & Orbán, M. (2005). Systematic design of chemical oscillators using complexation and precipitation equilibria. Nature, 433(7022), 139–142.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Greenberg, A. J., Moran, J. R., Coyne, J. A., & Wu, C.-I. (2003). Ecological adaptation during incipient speciation revealed by precise gene replacement. Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5651), 1754–1757.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ahonen, T. T. (2006). m-Profits. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Dörfler, W. (2011). Photonic Crystals: Mathematical Analysis and Numerical Approximation. (A. Lechleiter, M. Plum, G. Schneider, & C. Wieners, Eds.) (Vol. 42). Basel: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Polfer, N. C., & Stedwell, C. N. (2013). Infrared Photodissociation of Biomolecular Ions. In N. C. Polfer & P. Dugourd (Eds.), Laser Photodissociation and Spectroscopy of Mass-separated Biomolecular Ions (pp. 71–91). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, August 30). How Cooperative Behaviour Could Make Artificial Intelligence More Human. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/technology/how-cooperative-behaviour-could-make-artificial-intelligence-more-human/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1974). Examination of Grants Awarded to the Berkeley Unified School District and to Bilingual Children’s Television, Inc (No. B-164031(1)). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Weitkunat, S. (2015). Facies and Log Analysis of the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gelles, S. M. (2016, January 3). Sweating Out a Singles Mixer From Behind a Stall. New York Times, p. ST5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pickup, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Ito & Yokoyama, 2010; Pickup, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ito & Yokoyama, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Greenberg et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Abbreviation	Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
ISSN (online)	1525-2027
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics