How to format your references using the Geocarto International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geocarto International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cook N. 2008. Beyond the notes. Nature. 453(7199):1186–1187.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schuchmann K, Müller V. 2013. Direct and reversible hydrogenation of CO2 to formate by a bacterial carbon dioxide reductase. Science. 342(6164):1382–1385.

A journal article with 3 authors

van Groenigen KJ, Osenberg CW, Hungate BA. 2011. Increased soil emissions of potent greenhouse gases under increased atmospheric CO2. Nature. 475(7355):214–216.

A journal article with 12 or more authors

Barbera AJ, Chodaparambil JV, Kelley-Clarke B, Joukov V, Walter JC, Luger K, Kaye KM. 2006. The nucleosomal surface as a docking station for Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus LANA. Science. 311(5762):856–861.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smith JDH, Romanowska AB. 1999. Post-Modern Algebra. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Farhat H. 2014. Accelerated Lattice Boltzmann Model for Colloidal Suspensions: Rheology and Interface Morphology. Lee JS, Kondaraju S, editors. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Kutnick P, Blatchford P. 2014. Improving the Effectiveness of Collaborative Group Work at KS2: Effects on Pupil Attainment, Classroom Behaviour and Attitudes. In: Blatchford P, editor. Effective Group Work in Primary School Classrooms: The SPRinG Approach. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; p. 103–127.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geocarto International.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2014. Spitzer Space Telescope Spots Huge Asteroid Collision. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2006. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Preliminary Analysis of Progress and Challenges Associated with the Transformation of the National Airspace System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Saifman HP. 2017. Millennial Nurse Manager Perspectives on Their Leadership Roles in the Hospital Setting: A Phenomenological Inquiry [Doctoral dissertation]. Boca Raton, FL: Florida Atlantic University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B. 2017. Lady Gaga Will Replace Beyoncé at Coachella. New York Times.:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cook 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Cook 2008; Schuchmann and Müller 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schuchmann and Müller 2013)
Three or more authors: (Barbera et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geocarto International
Abbreviation	Geocarto Int.
ISSN (print)	1010-6049
ISSN (online)	1752-0762
Scope	Water Science and Technology Geography, Planning and Development