How to format your references using the Gene citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gene. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Huntress, W.T., Jr, 2003. Planetary science. Human space exploration is about more than just science. Science 301, 771.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stagon, S.P., Huang, H., 2013. Airtight metallic sealing at room temperature under small mechanical pressure. Sci. Rep. 3, 3066.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ford, H.L., Ravelo, A.C., Polissar, P.J., 2015. Reduced El Niño-Southern Oscillation during the Last Glacial Maximum. Science 347, 255–258.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Perfeito, L., Fernandes, L., Mota, C., Gordo, I., 2007. Adaptive mutations in bacteria: high rate and small effects. Science 317, 813–815.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hanzo, L., Keller, T., 2006. OFDM and MC-CDMA. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Flechtner, F., Sneeuw, N., Schuh, W.-D. (Eds.), 2014. Observation of the System Earth from Space - CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions: GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report No. 20, Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Orellana-Escobedo, L., Korban, S.S., Rosales-Mendoza, S., 2014. Seed-Based Expression Strategies, in: Rosales-Mendoza, S. (Ed.), Genetically Engineered Plants as a Source of Vaccines Against Wide Spread Diseases: An Integrated View. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 79–93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gene.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2017. Elon Musk Wants To Fix South Australia’s Energy Crisis In Just 100 Days [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/elon-musk-fix-south-australia-energy-crisis-100-days/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. Transportation Worker Identification Credential: Card Reader Pilot Results Are Unreliable; Security Benefits Should Be Reassessed (No. GAO-13-610T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fonteix, K.A., 2013. Separate, But Not Equal: A Qualitative Case Study Comparing Traditional And Homebound Instruction Using Technology (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M., 2013. Out of Character, but in His Element. New York Times E7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Huntress, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Huntress, 2003; Stagon and Huang, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stagon and Huang, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Perfeito et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Gene
Abbreviation	Gene
ISSN (print)	0378-1119
Scope	Genetics General Medicine