How to format your references using the Gene citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gene. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Skands, P., 2014. Particle physics: The mass of a top. Nature 514, 174–176.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rammig, A., Mahecha, M.D., 2015. Ecology: Ecosystem responses to climate extremes. Nature 527, 315–316.

A journal article with 3 authors

de la Mare, W., Gales, N., Mangel, M., 2014. Science and Law. Applying scientific principles in international law on whaling. Science 345, 1125–1126.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Caron, J.-B., Scheltema, A., Schander, C., Rudkin, D., 2006. A soft-bodied mollusc with radula from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. Nature 442, 159–163.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minuth, W.W., Strehl, R., Schumacher, K., 2005. Tissue Engineering. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG.

An edited book

Seidl, C., 2013. Tax Progression in OECD Countries: An Integrative Analysis of Tax Schedules and Income Distributions. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Lehner, M., Tichler, R., Steinmüller, H., Koppe, M., 2014. Business Models, in: Tichler, R., Steinmüller, H., Koppe, M. (Eds.), Power-to-Gas: Technology and Business Models, SpringerBriefs in Energy. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 63–93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gene.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2016. Diving Photographer Perfectly Captures A Huge Humpback Whale Breach [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/diving-photographer-perfectly-captures-a-huge-humpback-whale-breach/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2002. Customs Service Modernization: Management Improvements Needed on High-Risk Automated Commercial Environment Project (No. GAO-02-545). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bankapura, S., 2016. Packet adaptive routing in communication network (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

STEVEN LEE MYERS; C.J. Chivers contributed reporting from Beslan for this article, Melikhovo, S.K.F., 2004. PUTIN SAYS RUSSIA FACES FULL “WAR” TO DIVIDE NATION. New York Times 11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Skands, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Rammig and Mahecha, 2015; Skands, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rammig and Mahecha, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Caron et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Gene
Abbreviation	Gene
ISSN (print)	0378-1119
Scope	Genetics General Medicine