How to format your references using the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Moran MA. The global ocean microbiome. Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):aac8455.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gehrels N, Mészáros P. Gamma-ray bursts. Science. 2012 Aug 24;337(6097):932–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lutz W, Muttarak R, Striessnig E. Environment and development. Universal education is key to enhanced climate adaptation. Science. 2014 Nov 28;346(6213):1061–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Caputo A, Caci E, Ferrera L, Pedemonte N, Barsanti C, Sondo E, et al. TMEM16A, a membrane protein associated with calcium-dependent chloride channel activity. Science. 2008 Oct 24;322(5901):590–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Li C, Lin J. Microwave Noncontact Motion Sensing and Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Nedjah N, Macedo Mourelle L de, Kacprzyk J, França FMG, De Souza AF de, editors. Intelligent Text Categorization and Clustering. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. XIV, 120 p. 34 illus. (Studies in Computational Intelligence; vol. 164).

A chapter in an edited book

Grilo C, Correia L. Instability in Spatial Evolutionary Games. In: Lopes LS, Lau N, Mariano P, Rocha LM, editors. Progress in Artificial Intelligence: 14th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2009, Aveiro, Portugal, October 12-15, 2009 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 41–52. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Blog post

Fang J. Coffee Before Bed Delays Our Internal Clock [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/coffee-bed-delays-our-internal-clock/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Quality Assurance: The Fastener Quality Act’s Small-Lot Exemption. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001 Jun. Report No.: GAO-01-719.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Desai SS. CFD simuation of flow past a rotating circular cylinder with an end plate [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. Sex Doll. New York Times. 2017 Feb 9;C14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Abbreviation	Gastrointest. Endosc.
ISSN (print)	0016-5107
ISSN (online)	1097-6779
Scope	Gastroenterology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging