How to format your references using the Galaxies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Galaxies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith, A.B. Paleontology. Making the Best of a Patchy Fossil Record. Science 2003, 301, 321–322.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rensberger, J.M.; Watabe, M. Fine Structure of Bone in Dinosaurs, Birds and Mammals. Nature 2000, 406, 619–622.

A journal article with 3 authors

Suma, K.; Sumiyoshi, Y.; Endo, Y. The Rotational Spectrum and Structure of the HOOO Radical. Science 2005, 308, 1885–1886.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gubbels, S.P.; Woessner, D.W.; Mitchell, J.C.; Ricci, A.J.; Brigande, J.V. Functional Auditory Hair Cells Produced in the Mammalian Cochlea by in Utero Gene Transfer. Nature 2008, 455, 537–541.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Davis, J.H. Statistics for Compensation; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2011; ISBN 9780470946428.

An edited book

Computational Design Modelling: Proceedings of the Design Modelling Symposium Berlin 2011; Gengnagel, C., Kilian, A., Palz, N., Scheurer, F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012; ISBN 9783642234347.

A chapter in an edited book

Yamaguchi, H.; Takahara, H. High-Speed Data Transmission Technology for the NEC SX-9. In High Performance Computing on Vector Systems 2010; Resch, M., Benkert, K., Wang, X., Galle, M., Bez, W., Kobayashi, H., Roller, S., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010; pp. 63–71 ISBN 9783642118500.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Galaxies.

Blog post

Andrews, R. Archeologists Find Ancient Human Engravings From The End Of The Ice Age Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/archaeologists-find-ancient-human-art-engravings-end-ice-age/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Federal Research: Interim Assessment of the Small Business Innovation Research and Technology Transfer Programs; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1996;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Powell, B.D. An Ethnographic Case Study of Teachers Who Are Alumni of the Private Day School for Boys in Which They Teach. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University: Washington, DC, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

George, N. Still Too Good, Too Bad or Invisible. New York Times 2013, AR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Galaxies
Abbreviation	Galaxies
ISSN (online)	2075-4434
Scope