How to format your references using the Future Generation Computer Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Future Generation Computer Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M.J. Hötzel, Achievers should stay to aid Brazilian science., Nature 407 (2000) 834.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

A. Calzolari, M.B. Nardelli, Dielectric properties and Raman spectra of ZnO from a first principles finite-differences/finite-fields approach, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2999.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Y. Yu, M. Nakano, T. Ikeda, Photomechanics: directed bending of a polymer film by light, Nature 425 (2003) 145.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J. Zhong, W. Liu, L. Kong, P.C. Morais, A new approach for highly accurate, remote temperature probing using magnetic nanoparticles, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6338.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.B. Schmidt, Financial Markets and Trading, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

F. Graziani, ed., Computational Methods in Transport: Verification and Validation, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Müller, T. van Roermund, M. Steigemann, Communication Beyond Vehicles—Road to Automated Driving, in: T. Schulze, B. Müller, G. Meyer (Eds.), Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2016: Smart Systems for the Automobile of the Future, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016: pp. 55–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Future Generation Computer Systems.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Traces of Neanderthal Virus DNA Found in Modern Human Genomes, IFLScience (2013).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Highway Projects: Many Federal and State Environmental Review Requirements Are Similar, and Little Duplication of Effort Occurs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K.A. Schwartz, Dynamics of Teacher Self-Efficacy: Middle School Reading and Language Arts Teacher Responses on a Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale, Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Fernandez, R. Pérez-Peña, D. Montgomery, For Human Cargo, Truck Door Closed Out the Light, and Life, New York Times (2017) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Future Generation Computer Systems
Abbreviation	Future Gener. Comput. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0167-739X
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Hardware and Architecture Software