How to format your references using the Functional Linguistics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Functional Linguistics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Andreae, Meinrat O. 2013. Atmospheric science. The aerosol nucleation puzzle. Science (New York, N.Y.) 339: 911–912.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kodama, R., and Fast-Ignitor Consortium. 2002. Fast heating scalable to laser fusion ignition. Nature 418: 933–934.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, Yang, Yuxiao Dong, and Nitesh V. Chawla. 2014. Predicting node degree centrality with the node prominence profile. Scientific reports 4: 7236.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Lee, D. S., J. S. Lee, S. H. Oh, S. K. Kim, J. W. Kim, J. K. Chung, M. C. Lee, and C. S. Kim. 2001. Cross-modal plasticity and cochlear implants. Nature 409: 149–150.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mittleman, Alan L. 2011. A Short History of Jewish Ethics. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Verdin, Eric, ed. 2006. Histone Deacetylases: Transcriptional Regulation and Other Cellular Functions. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.

A chapter in an edited book

Hirschfeld, J. W. P., and J. A. Thas. 2016. Embedded geometries. In General Galois Geometries, ed. J. A. Thas, 223–303. Springer Monographs in Mathematics. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Functional Linguistics.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2015. Watch What Ants Do When A Phone Starts To Ring. IFLScience. IFLScience. September 3.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1991. Transportation: Status of GAO’s Open Recommendations on Transportation Policies and Programs. RCED-91-112. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Denny, Hanifa M. 2012. Impact of Occupational Health Interventions in Indonesia. Doctoral dissertation, Tampa, FL: University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira, Susan. 2016. Men Need Help. Is Hillary Clinton the Answer? New York Times, October 21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Andreae 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Kodama and Fast-Ignitor Consortium 2002; Andreae 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kodama and Fast-Ignitor Consortium 2002)
Three or more authors: (Lee et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Functional Linguistics
ISSN (online)	2196-419X
Scope