How to format your references using the Functional Linguistics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Functional Linguistics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chen, J. 2001. Smithsonian closure plan under fire. Nature 410: 1011.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wodarz, Dominik, and Ann G. Zauber. 2015. Cancer: Risk factors and random chances. Nature 517: 563–564.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mahadevan, Amala, Leif N. Thomas, and Amit Tandon. 2008. Comment on “Eddy/wind interactions stimulate extraordinary mid-ocean plankton blooms.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 320: 448; author reply 448.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Gong, Yanhong, Tieguang Han, Xiaoxv Yin, Guoan Yang, Runsen Zhuang, Yuqi Chen, and Zuxun Lu. 2014. Prevalence of depressive symptoms and work-related risk factors among nurses in public hospitals in southern China: a cross-sectional study. Scientific reports 4: 7109.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bunker, Guy, and Darren Thomson. 2006. Delivering Utility Computing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Lee, Pil Joong, and Jung Hee Cheon, ed. 2009. Information Security and Cryptology – ICISC 2008: 11th International Conference, Seoul, Korea, December 3-5, 2008, Revised Selected Papers. Vol. 5461. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Callo-Concha, Daniel, Jan Henning Sommer, Janina Kleemann, Franz W. Gatzweiler, and Manfred Denich. 2014. Marginality from a Socio-ecological Perspective. In Marginality: Addressing the Nexus of Poverty, Exclusion and Ecology, ed. Joachim von Braun and Franz W. Gatzweiler, 57–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Functional Linguistics.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2016. Ranked: The 42 Laziest Dog Breeds In America. IFLScience. IFLScience. August 29.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1976. Basic Educational Opportunity Grant Program. MWD-76-110. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kwon, Yongjae. 2009. Extreme value estimators: Their long memory feature and forecasting performances in the U.S. stock indexes. Doctoral dissertation, Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, Michael. 1993. Clinton Campaign Avoided Workers’ Taxes. New York Times, April 18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chen 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Chen 2001; Wodarz and Zauber 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wodarz and Zauber 2015)
Three or more authors: (Gong et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Functional Linguistics
ISSN (online)	2196-419X
Scope