How to format your references using the Frontiers in Terrestrial Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Terrestrial Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rhein, M. (2000). Oceanography. Drifters reveal deep circulation. Nature 407, 30–31.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jox, R., and Gewin, V. (2003). Engineering your own path. Nature 425, 327.

A journal article with 3 authors

Loudet, J. C., Barois, P., and Poulin, P. (2000). Colloidal ordering from phase separation in a liquid-crystalline continuous phase. Nature 407, 611–613.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kim, D.-H., Lu, N., Ma, R., Kim, Y.-S., Kim, R.-H., Wang, S., et al. (2011). Epidermal electronics. Science 333, 838–843.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Harper, C. (2005). Analytic Methods in Physics. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Nagel, W. E., Kröner, D. B., and Resch, M. M. eds. (2009). High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering ’08: Transactions of the High Performance Computing Center, Stuttgart (HLRS) 2008. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Pickering, S., McCulloch, J., and Wright-Neville, D. (2008). “The Police,” in Counter-Terrorism Policing: Community, Cohesion and Security, eds. J. McCulloch and D. Wright-Neville (New York, NY: Springer), 71–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Terrestrial Microbiology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). Women Who Have Children Older, Live Longer. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/women-who-have-children-older-live-longer/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996). NASA’s Clipperton Project. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mayberry, D. S. (2017). Total Relaxation Center, LLC. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart, J. B. (2017). Major Hurdle Awaits A Corporate Tax Cut. New York Times, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rhein, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Rhein, 2000; Jox and Gewin, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jox and Gewin, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Terrestrial Microbiology
Abbreviation	Front. Microbiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-302X
Scope	Microbiology Microbiology (medical)