How to format your references using the Frontiers in Sociology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Sociology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goedert, M. (2015). NEURODEGENERATION. Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases: The prion concept in relation to assembled Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein. Science 349, 1255555.

A journal article with 2 authors

Weston, E. M., and Lister, A. M. (2009). Insular dwarfism in hippos and a model for brain size reduction in Homo floresiensis. Nature 459, 85–88.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baldini, G., Cannone, F., and Chirico, G. (2005). Pre-unfolding resonant oscillations of single green fluorescent protein molecules. Science 309, 1096–1100.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Bittar, F., Keita, M. B., Lagier, J.-C., Peeters, M., Delaporte, E., and Raoult, D. (2014). Gorilla gorilla gorilla gut: a potential reservoir of pathogenic bacteria as revealed using culturomics and molecular tools. Sci. Rep. 4, 7174.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Glisic, S. (2016). Advanced Wireless Networks. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Paluszek, M. (2015). MATLAB Recipes: A Problem-Solution Approach., ed. S. Thomas. Berkeley, CA: Apress.

A chapter in an edited book

Lowenthal, F., and Lefebvre, L. (2014). “Nonverbal Communication Devices, Language, Cerebral Flexibility, and Recursive Exercises,” in Language and Recursion, eds. F. Lowenthal and L. Lefebvre (New York, NY: Springer), 39–55.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Sociology.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2017). Photons Couldn’t Easily Escape Ancient Galaxies. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/photons-couldn-t-easily-escape-ancient-galaxies/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981). Social Security Needs To Better Plan, Develop, and Implement Its Major ADP Systems Redesign Projects. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miller, C. (2010). Assembly and analysis of an Sp185/333 gene cluster from the purple sea urchin: Putative evidence for microsatellite-mediated gene and segmental duplication. Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, B. (2017). Murray Pounces After del Potro’s First-Set Stumble. New York Times, SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goedert, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Weston and Lister, 2009; Goedert, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Weston and Lister, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Bittar et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Sociology
Abbreviation	Front. Sociol.
ISSN (online)	2297-7775
Scope