How to format your references using the Frontiers in Psychiatry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Psychiatry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schneider WH. Philanthropy: the difficult art of giving. Nature (2013) 497:311–312.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chan CE, Odde DJ. Traction dynamics of filopodia on compliant substrates. Science (2008) 322:1687–1691.

A journal article with 3 authors

Arantes-Oliveira N, Berman JR, Kenyon C. Healthy animals with extreme longevity. Science (2003) 302:611.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Negi J, Matsuda O, Nagasawa T, Oba Y, Takahashi H, Kawai-Yamada M, Uchimiya H, Hashimoto M, Iba K. CO2 regulator SLAC1 and its homologues are essential for anion homeostasis in plant cells. Nature (2008) 452:483–486.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pangarkar VG. Design of Multiphase Reactors. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc (2014).

An edited book

Gramlich B ed. Frontiers of Combining Systems: 5th International Workshop, FroCoS 2005, Vienna, Austria, September 19-21, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer (2005). X, 321 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Rincon-Florez VA, Carvalhais LC, Dang YP, Schenk PM. “Soil Microbial Community Interactions Under Tillage Systems in Australia.,” In: Hakeem KR, Akhtar MS, Abdullah SNA, editors. Plant, Soil and Microbes: Volume 1: Implications in Crop Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing (2016). p. 93–102

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Psychiatry.

Blog post

Andrew E. Cunning Cats Forced Dogs To Evolve... Or Go Extinct. IFLScience (2015)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Contractors’ Independent Research and Development. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office (1975).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nam Y-H. On Throughput-Reliability-Delay Tradeoffs in Wireless Networks. [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University (2008).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C. Austin Filmmaker Scores Sight Unseen at Sundance. New York Times (2011)A27B.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Psychiatry
Abbreviation	Front. Psychiatry
ISSN (online)	1664-0640
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health

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