How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neurotrauma citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neurotrauma. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zimmer, C. (2004). Beyond the ivory tower. A distant mirror for the brain. Science 303, 43–44.

A journal article with 2 authors

Martin, P., and Parkhurst, S. M. (2003). Development. May the force be with you. Science 300, 63–65.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cook, D. J., Teves, L., and Tymianski, M. (2012). Treatment of stroke with a PSD-95 inhibitor in the gyrencephalic primate brain. Nature 483, 213–217.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Lumelsky, N., Blondel, O., Laeng, P., Velasco, I., Ravin, R., and McKay, R. (2001). Differentiation of embryonic stem cells to insulin-secreting structures similar to pancreatic islets. Science 292, 1389–1394.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kuzmeski, M. (2009). The Connectors. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Raoprasert, T. (2010). Designing an Efficient Management System: Modeling of Convergence Factors Exemplified by the Case of Japanese Businesses in Thailand. , ed. S. M. N. Islam Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD.

A chapter in an edited book

Runkler, T. A. (2010). “Comparing Partitions by Subset Similarities,” in Computational Intelligence for Knowledge-Based Systems Design: 13th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty, IPMU 2010, Dortmund, Germany, June 28 - July 2, 2010. Proceedings Lecture Notes in Computer Science., eds. E. Hüllermeier, R. Kruse, and F. Hoffmann (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 29–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neurotrauma.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2015). Whale Unexpectedly Slaps Girl Around The Face. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999). Army Medium Trucks: Information on Delivery Delays and Corrosion Problems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

White, B. D. (2015). Implementation of Positive Behavior Intervention and Support at the High School Level.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Fiske, I. H. (1906). KEATS’S “LAMIA.”; Found on Shelley’s Drowned Body and Cast Into His Funeral Flames. New York Times, REVIEW OF BOOKSBR61.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zimmer, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Martin and Parkhurst, 2003; Zimmer, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Martin and Parkhurst, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Lumelsky et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neurotrauma
Abbreviation	Front. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1664-2295
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology

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