How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neurotrauma citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neurotrauma. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Borovsky, J. E. (2014). Geophysics. Feedback of the magnetosphere. Science 343, 1086–1087.

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu, S. Q., and Cull-Candy, S. G. (2000). Synaptic activity at calcium-permeable AMPA receptors induces a switch in receptor subtype. Nature 405, 454–458.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lower, S. K., Hochella, M. F., Jr, and Beveridge, T. J. (2001). Bacterial recognition of mineral surfaces: nanoscale interactions between Shewanella and alpha-FeOOH. Science 292, 1360–1363.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hayashi, S., Nawata, K., Taira, T., Shikata, J.-I., Kawase, K., and Minamide, H. (2014). Ultrabright continuously tunable terahertz-wave generation at room temperature. Sci. Rep. 4, 5045.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Murray, B. (2015). The Possibility of Culture. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Augusto, J. C., Corchado, J. M., Novais, P., and Analide, C. eds. (2010). Ambient Intelligence and Future Trends-International Symposium on Ambient Intelligence (ISAmI 2010). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhao, M., Song, L., and Fan, X. (2011). “The Boundary Theory in Construction of Multicomponent Isothermal Sections,” in The Boundary Theory of Phase Diagrams and Its Application: Rules for Phase Diagram Construction with Phase Regions and Their Boundaries, eds. L. Song and X. Fan (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 107–121.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neurotrauma.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). Moron Allegedly Punches Hammerhead Shark To Death On Beach. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/moron-allegedly-punches-hammerhead-shark-to-death-on-beach/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1969). Selection, Negotiation, and Award of Certain Contracts, NASA. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Newfang, D. A. (2017). A Historical Assessment of Asbestos Exposure, Abatement Methods and Containment Efficacy During Asbestos Containing Material Removal Activities at a Large Federal Facility. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

As Told to (2007). WHY WE TRAVEL | MOSCOW. New York Times, 517.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Borovsky, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Liu and Cull-Candy, 2000; Borovsky, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Cull-Candy, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Hayashi et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neurotrauma
Abbreviation	Front. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1664-2295
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology