How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neuroprosthetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neuroprosthetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chipman, A. (2007). Contest puts brakes on carbon capture. Nature 447, 1044–1045.

A journal article with 2 authors

Siomi, H., and Siomi, M. C. (2009). On the road to reading the RNA-interference code. Nature 457, 396–404.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wallis, J. D., Anderson, K. C., and Miller, E. K. (2001). Single neurons in prefrontal cortex encode abstract rules. Nature 411, 953–956.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Božin, E. S., Knox, K. R., Juhás, P., Hor, Y. S., Mitchell, J. F., and Billinge, S. J. L. (2014). Cu(Ir₁ - xCrx)₂S₄: a model system for studying nanoscale phase coexistence at the metal-insulator transition. Sci. Rep. 4, 4081.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ishiyama, J. T. (2011). Comparative Politics. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Bars, F. L., and Jaulin, L. eds. (2014). Robotic Sailing 2013: Proceedings of the 6th International Robotic Sailing Conference. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Stubberud, S. C., and Teranishi, A. M. (2014). “Estimation for Target Tracking Using a Control Theoretic Approach – Part I,” in Advances in Systems Science: Proceedings of the International Conference on Systems Science 2013 (ICSS 2013), eds. J. Swiątek, A. Grzech, P. Swiątek, and J. M. Tomczak (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 35–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neuroprosthetics.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). A Tree Species Thought To Be Extinct Has Been Found In The Queen’s Garden. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/a-tree-species-thought-to-be-extinct-has-been-found-in-the-queens-garden/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1971). Savings Available to Government on Certain IBM Automatic Data Processing Equipment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Migues, K. P. (2017). A Qualitative Exploration of Retention of Experienced Teachers: Why Do They Stay? Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mills, S. G. (1927). The Child Again. New York Times, DRAMA-MUSIC FASHION-SCREENX4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chipman, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Chipman, 2007; Siomi and Siomi, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Siomi and Siomi, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Božin et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neuroprosthetics
Abbreviation	Front. Neurosci.
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
Scope	General Neuroscience