How to format your references using the Ergo citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ergo. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McNally, Elizabeth M. (2012). Genetics: broken giant linked to heart failure. Nature, 483(7389), 281–282.

A journal article with 2 authors

Radisky, Derek C., and Mina J. Bissell. (2004). Cancer. Respect thy neighbor! Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5659), 775–777.

A journal article with 3 authors

Djuranovic, Sergej, Ali Nahvi, and Rachel Green. (2011). A parsimonious model for gene regulation by miRNAs. Science (New York, N.Y.), 331(6017), 550–553.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Evans, P. G., E. D. Isaacs, G. Aeppli, Z. Cai, and B. Lai. (2002). X-ray microdiffraction images of antiferromagnetic domain evolution in chromium. Science (New York, N.Y.), 295(5557), 1042–1045.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sofronas, Anthony. (2012). Case Histories in Vibration Analysis and Metal Fatigue for the Practicing Engineer. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Weber, Wolfgang G., Thoma, Michael, Ostendorf, Annette, & Chisholm, Lynne (Eds.). (2012). Democratic Competences and Social Practices in Organizations. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.

A chapter in an edited book

Max, Michael D., and Arthur H. Johnson. (2016). Potential High-Quality Reservoir Sediments in the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone. In Arthur H. Johnson (Ed.), Exploration and Production of Oceanic Natural Gas Hydrate: Critical Factors for Commercialization (137–155). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ergo.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. (2015, February 2). Mental Health Is A Global Issue – Here’s How Neuroscience Can Cross International Boundaries. Retrieved 30 October 2018, from IFLScience website: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/mental-health-global-issue-here-s-how-neuroscience-can-cross-international-boundaries/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2004). Computer-Based Patient Records: VA and DOD Efforts to Exchange Health Data Could Benefit from Improved Planning and Project Management (No. GAO-04-687). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crane, Coriandré Cerise. (2017). A Qualitative Study on the Preferred Working Environment of Southern California Secondary Teachers with Experience in Both a District Traditional School and a District Charter School (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY, Jesse, Benjamin Mueller, and Rick Rojas. (2015, October 17). Witness Says Clash Over Witchcraft Preceded a Teenager’s Fatal Beating. New York Times, p. A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (McNally, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (McNally, 2012; Radisky & Bissell, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Radisky & Bissell, 2004)
Three authors: (Djuranovic, Nahvi, & Green, 2011)
6 or more authors: (Evans, Isaacs, Aeppli, Cai, & Lai, 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ergo
ISSN (online)	2330-4014
Scope