How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neuro-otology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neuro-otology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perkel, J. M. (2015). Eight ways to clean a digital library. Nature 527, 123–124.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cheng, W., and Li, W. (2014). Structural insights into ubiquinone biosynthesis in membranes. Science 343, 878–881.

A journal article with 3 authors

Herbst, J., Heyne, K., and Diller, R. (2002). Femtosecond infrared spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin chromophore isomerization. Science 297, 822–825.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wakabayashi, C., Adachi, T., Wienands, J., and Tsubata, T. (2002). A distinct signaling pathway used by the IgG-containing B cell antigen receptor. Science 298, 2392–2395.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Subramanian, M. N. (2013). Plastics Additives and Testing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Correa, J. R., Hevia, A., and Kiwi, M. eds. (2006). LATIN 2006: Theoretical Informatics: 7th Latin American Symposium, Valdivia, Chile, March 20-24, 2006. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chalikias, G. K., and Tziakas, D. N. (2016). “Biomarkers of the Extracellular Matrix and of Collagen Fragments,” in Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease, eds. V. B. Patel and V. R. Preedy (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 87–124.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neuro-otology.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014). How “Death Stars” wipe out potential planets. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-death-stars-wipe-out-potential-planets/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012). Postsecondary Education: Financial Trends in Public and Private Nonprofit Institutions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Allen, M. W. (2017). Popular Culture and War in the Vietnam Era. Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. (2016). The Listings: Film Series. New York Times, C26.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Perkel, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Cheng and Li, 2014; Perkel, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cheng and Li, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Wakabayashi et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neuro-otology
Abbreviation	Front. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1664-2295
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology