How to format your references using the Frontiers in Digital Humanities citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Digital Humanities. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Livio, M. (2011). Lost in translation: Mystery of the missing text solved. Nature 479, 171–173.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lane, N., and Martin, W. (2010). The energetics of genome complexity. Nature 467, 929–934.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mouchel, C. F., Osmont, K. S., and Hardtke, C. S. (2006). BRX mediates feedback between brassinosteroid levels and auxin signalling in root growth. Nature 443, 458–461.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Mahboob, I., Mounaix, M., Nishiguchi, K., Fujiwara, A., and Yamaguchi, H. (2014). A multimode electromechanical parametric resonator array. Sci. Rep. 4, 4448.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Larrieu, N., and Varet, A. (2014). Rapid Prototyping of Software for Avionics Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Tajalli, A. (2010). Extreme Low-Power Mixed Signal IC Design: Subthreshold Source-Coupled Circuits., ed. Y. Leblebici. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Al-Tubaikh, J. A. (2010). “Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage,” in Internal Medicine: An Illustrated Radiological Guide, ed. J. A. Al-Tubaikh (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 39–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Digital Humanities.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). Why Meteors Light Up The Night Sky. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/why-meteors-light-night-sky/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1979). Analysis of NASA’s Supplemental FY 1979 Budget Request. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wilson, L. A. (2014). An exploratory study of the impact of school-wide positive behavior support on bullying. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. (2006). Quick Bite/Millburn; When in Essex, Shop as the Romans Do. New York Times, 14NJ10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Livio, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Lane and Martin, 2010; Livio, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lane and Martin, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Mahboob et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Digital Humanities
Abbreviation	Front. Digit. Humanit.
ISSN (online)	2297-2668
Scope