How to format your references using the Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Alvarez, M. (2007). Follow the money. Nature 446, 230.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nilsson, J., and Payne, D. N. (2011). Physics. High-power fiber lasers. Science 332, 921–922.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wolf, S. M., Annas, G. J., and Elias, S. (2013). Point-counterpoint. Patient autonomy and incidental findings in clinical genomics. Science 340, 1049–1050.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nicastro, D., Schwartz, C., Pierson, J., Gaudette, R., Porter, M. E., and McIntosh, J. R. (2006). The molecular architecture of axonemes revealed by cryoelectron tomography. Science 313, 944–948.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ciana, P. (2011). New Frontiers in Technical Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Güner-Özbek, M. D. ed. (2011). The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea: An Appraisal of the “Rotterdam Rules.” Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Ahmad, N. B. H., Shamsuddin, S. M., and Abraham, A. (2010). “Granular Mining of Student’s Learning Behavior in Learning Management System Using Rough Set Technique,” in Computational Intelligence for Technology Enhanced Learning, eds. F. Xhafa, S. Caballé, A. Abraham, T. Daradoumis, and A. A. Juan Perez (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 99–124.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). How The Neutrino Could Solve Great Cosmic Mysteries And Win Its Next Nobel Prize. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/how-neutrino-could-solve-great-cosmic-mysteries-and-win-its-next-nobel-prize/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2002). Aviation Security: Transportation Security Administration Faces Immediate and Long-Term Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Isaacson, M. J. (2009). The paradox of respect and risk: Six Lakota adolescents speak. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B. (2017). Streaming Services Struggle to Root Out Music That Incites Hatred. New York Times, B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Alvarez, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Alvarez, 2007; Nilsson and Payne, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nilsson and Payne, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Nicastro et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Abbreviation	Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
ISSN (online)	2235-2988
Scope	Immunology Microbiology Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)