How to format your references using the Frontiers in Cardiovascular and Smooth Muscle Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Cardiovascular and Smooth Muscle Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kress, M. (2012). Modeling armed conflicts. Science 336, 865–869.

A journal article with 2 authors

Helffrich, G. R., and Wood, B. J. (2001). The Earth’s mantle. Nature 412, 501–507.

A journal article with 3 authors

Grover, T., Sheng, D. N., and Vishwanath, A. (2014). Emergent space-time supersymmetry at the boundary of a topological phase. Science 344, 280–283.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chen, P., Xiong, Z., Luo, J., Lin, J., and Tan, K. L. (2002). Interaction of hydrogen with metal nitrides and imides. Nature 420, 302–304.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minns, P., and Elliott, I. (2008). FSM-Based Digital Design Using Verilog HDL. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

LaBelle, J. W., and Treumann, R. A. eds. (2006). Geospace Electromagnetic Waves and Radiation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Wang, W. (2012). “FSK Modulation and Demodulation Analysis Based on Matlab,” in Information and Business Intelligence: International Conference, IBI 2011, Chongqing, China, December 23-25, 2011. Proceedings, Part I, eds. X. Qu and Y. Yang (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 26–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Cardiovascular and Smooth Muscle Pharmacology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015). Stephen Hawking Warns Us About Artificial Intelligence. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/stephen-hawking-responds-questions-reddit-discusses-ai-and-women/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999). Telecommunications: FCC Does Not Know if All Required Fees Are Collected. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crozier, C. F. (2012). A qualitative study of teacher job satisfaction in an evolutionary and mandated change environment. Phoenix, AZ: University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dewan, S. (2014). Mostly White Forces in Mostly Black Towns: Police Struggle for Racial Diversity. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kress, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Helffrich and Wood, 2001; Kress, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Helffrich and Wood, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Cardiovascular and Smooth Muscle Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Front. Pharmacol.
ISSN (online)	1663-9812
Scope	Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology