How to format your references using the Frontiers in Built Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Built Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wynne, C. D. L. (2004). Animal behaviour: fair refusal by capuchin monkeys. Nature 428, 140; discussion 140.

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Brien, S. J., and Murphy, W. J. (2003). Genomics. A dog’s breakfast? Science 301, 1854–1855.

A journal article with 3 authors

Aravind, L., Dixit, V. M., and Koonin, E. V. (2001). Apoptotic molecular machinery: vastly increased complexity in vertebrates revealed by genome comparisons. Science 291, 1279–1284.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Shapiro, N. M., Campillo, M., Stehly, L., and Ritzwoller, M. H. (2005). High-resolution surface-wave tomography from ambient seismic noise. Science 307, 1615–1618.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kricheldorf, H. R. (2012). Menschen und ihre Materialien. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Ikeda, K. (2010). Imperfect Bifurcation in Structures and Materials: Engineering Use of Group-Theoretic Bifurcation Theory., ed. K. Murota. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Pachauri, R. K. (2012). “Climate Change and Agroforestry,” in Agroforestry - The Future of Global Land Use, eds. P. K. R. Nair and D. Garrity (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 13–15.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Built Environment.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015). Ancient Walrus Relative Had No Tusks. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-walrus-relative-bared-no-tusks/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007). Passenger Rail Security: Federal Strategy and Enhanced Coordination Needed to Prioritize and Guide Security Efforts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Arnold, D. M. (2017). An Examination of Job Satisfaction Among Full-Time Faculty in a Selected Mississippi Community College. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stack, L., and Schweber, N. (2015). 2 Shot by Undercover New York City Officer in Westchester. New York Times, A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wynne, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (O’Brien and Murphy, 2003; Wynne, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (O’Brien and Murphy, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Shapiro et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Built Environment
Abbreviation	Front. Built Environ.
ISSN (online)	2297-3362
Scope