How to format your references using the Freshwater Crayfish citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Freshwater Crayfish. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sarewitz D (2014). Allow use of electronic cigarettes to assess risk. Nature 512(7515): 349.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cowan N and Rouder JN (2009). Comment on ‘Dynamic shifts of limited working memory resources in human vision’. Science (New York, N.Y.) 323(5916): 877; author reply 877.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brohawn SG, del Mármol J and MacKinnon R (2012). Crystal structure of the human K2P TRAAK, a lipid- and mechano-sensitive K+ ion channel. Science (New York, N.Y.) 335(6067): 436–441.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Setoguchi R, Tachibana M, Naoe Y, Muroi S, Akiyama K, Tezuka C, Okuda T and Taniuchi I (2008). Repression of the transcription factor Th-POK by Runx complexes in cytotoxic T cell development. Science (New York, N.Y.) 319(5864): 822–825.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grous A (2012). Fracture Mechanics 2. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA.

An edited book

Hassanien A-E, Abawajy JH, Abraham A and Hagras H (eds.) (2010). Pervasive Computing: Innovations in Intelligent Multimedia and Applications. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Ruderman E and Gordon KB (2016). Diagnosis and evaluation of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Pp. 27–42, In: Warren R, Menter A (eds.) Handbook of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis, Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Freshwater Crayfish.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013). Sea Slugs Have Crazy Forehead Sex. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/sea-slugs-have-crazy-forehead-sex/[accessed30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2002). Social Security Numbers: SSNs Are Widely Used by Government and Could Be Better Protected. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Peters A (2009). The mark of gender: Depicting power and the female body in colonial Peru. Doctoral dissertation Thesis, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron J (2016). Peter Allen Dies at 96; Longtime Host of Met Opera’s Radio Broadcasts. New York Times: B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sarewitz 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Cowan and Rouder 2009; Sarewitz 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cowan and Rouder 2009)
Three or more authors: (Setoguchi et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Freshwater Crayfish
Abbreviation	Freshw. Crayfish
ISSN (print)	2076-4324
ISSN (online)	2076-4332
Scope