How to format your references using the Forest Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Forest Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hare, T. 2014. Neuroscience. Exploiting and exploring the options. Science. 344(6191):1446–1447.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bonduriansky, R., and C. E. Brassil. 2002. Senescence: rapid and costly ageing in wild male flies. Nature. 420(6914):377.

A journal article with 3 authors

Acuna, D. E., S. Allesina, and K. P. Kording. 2012. Future impact: Predicting scientific success. Nature. 489(7415):201–202.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Abbaszadeh, S., C. C. Scott, O. Bubon, A. Reznik, and K. S. Karim. 2013. Enhanced detection efficiency of direct conversion X-ray detector using polyimide as hole-blocking layer. Sci. Rep. 3:3360.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pohanish, R. P. 2005. HazMat Data. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Raju, N. J., W. Gossel, and M. Sudhakar, eds. 2015. Management of Natural Resources in a Changing Environment. Springer International Publishing, Cham. XVI, 298 p. 100 illus., 75 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Moss, S. 2009. Talking about ABSS: Functional Descriptions of Models. P. 48–59 in Epistemological Aspects of Computer Simulation in the Social Sciences: Second International Workshop, EPOS 2006, Brescia, Italy, October 5-6, 2006, Revised Selected and Invited Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Squazzoni, F. (ed.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Forest Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. Why It Hurts To See Others Suffer: Pain And Empathy Linked In The Brain. IFLScience. Available online at: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/why-it-hurts-see-others-suffer-pain-and-empathy-linked-brain/; last accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2012. Federal Fleets: Overall Increase in Number of Vehicles Masks That Some Agencies Decreased Their Fleets. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McGrath, P. M. 2013. Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008: A policy analysis. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Qiu, L. 2017. Democrats Are Unified, but Not Always Accurate, on Health Bill Attacks. New York Times. :A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hare 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Bonduriansky and Brassil 2002; Hare 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bonduriansky and Brassil 2002)
Three or more authors: (Abbaszadeh et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Forest Science
Abbreviation	For. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0015-749X
Scope	Forestry Ecological Modelling Ecology