How to format your references using the Forest Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Forest Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wilsdon, J. 2015. We need a measured approach to metrics. Nature. 523(7559):129.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ahmed, S., and J. Hodgkin. 2000. MRT-2 checkpoint protein is required for germline immortality and telomere replication in C. elegans. Nature. 403(6766):159–164.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nisbet, E. G., E. J. Dlugokencky, and P. Bousquet. 2014. Atmospheric science. Methane on the rise--again. Science. 343(6170):493–495.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Gao, X., Y. Tao, V. Lamas, M. Huang, W.-H. Yeh, B. Pan, Y.-J. Hu, et al. 2018. Treatment of autosomal dominant hearing loss by in vivo delivery of genome editing agents. Nature. 553(7687):217–221.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Armstrong, H. A., and M. D. Brasier. 2004. Microfossils. Blackwell Publishing, Malden, MA USA.

An edited book

Zhao, F. 2015. Low-Noise Low-Power Design for Phase-Locked Loops: Multi-Phase High-Performance Oscillators. Dai, F.F. (ed.) Springer International Publishing, Cham. XIII, 96 p. 73 illus., 24 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Ďuranová, L., and S. Ohly. 2016. Empirical Findings. P. 35–59 in Persistent Work-related Technology Use, Recovery and Well-being Processes: Focus on Supplemental Work After Hours, SpringerBriefs in Psychology. Ohly, S. (ed.). Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Forest Science.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. 2015. NASA To Use Hoverboard Technology To Control CubeSats In Space. IFLScience. Available online at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-use-hoverboard-technology-control-cubesats/; last accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1990. Transportation Infrastructure: A Comparison of Federal and State Highway Laws. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shambra, S. M. 2017. Automated Vulnerability Assessment of Mobile Device Vulnerabilities. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pastan, L. 2015. The Bridge. New York Times. :MM28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wilsdon 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Ahmed and Hodgkin 2000; Wilsdon 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ahmed and Hodgkin 2000)
Three or more authors: (Gao et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Forest Science
Abbreviation	For. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0015-749X
Scope	Forestry Ecological Modelling Ecology