How to format your references using the Forest Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Forest Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lis JT. 2007. Imaging Drosophila gene activation and polymerase pausing in vivo. Nature. 450(7167):198–202.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dasgupta P, Ramanathan V. 2014. Environment and development. Pursuit of the common good. Science. 345(6203):1457–1458.

A journal article with 3 authors

Serreze MC, Holland MM, Stroeve J. 2007. Perspectives on the Arctic’s shrinking sea-ice cover. Science. 315(5818):1533–1536.

A journal article with 12 or more authors

Saphire EO, Parren PW, Pantophlet R, Zwick MB, Morris GM, Rudd PM, Dwek RA, Stanfield RL, Burton DR, Wilson IA. 2001. Crystal structure of a neutralizing human IGG against HIV-1: a template for vaccine design. Science. 293(5532):1155–1159.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lee Abbott M, McKinney J. 2012. Understanding and Applying Research Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Sideris MG, editor. 2009. Observing our Changing Earth. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Lee R, Wolpert DH, Bono J, Backhaus S, Bent R, Tracey B. 2013. Counter-Factual Reinforcement Learning: How to Model Decision-Makers That Anticipate the Future. In: Guy TV, Karny M, Wolpert D, editors. Decision Making and Imperfection. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; p. 101–128.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Forest Science and Technology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. 2015. Here’s Five Ways The World Could Have Ended This Week. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2011. Highway Trust Fund: All States Received More Funding Than They Contributed in Highway Taxes from 2005 to 2009. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davis M. 2015. Opprobrious Identities: The Enslaving Effect of Black Respectability on Queer Black Men [Doctoral dissertation]. Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams J. 2017. Trump Inspires Cottage Book Trade. New York Times.:C24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lis 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Lis 2007; Dasgupta and Ramanathan 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dasgupta and Ramanathan 2014)
Three or more authors: (Saphire et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Forest Science and Technology
Abbreviation	Forest Sci. Technol.
ISSN (print)	2158-0103
ISSN (online)	2158-0715
Scope	Forestry Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law