How to format your references using the Forensic Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Forensic Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Whipple C (2012) Plant science. Defining the plant germ line--nature or nurture? Science 337:301–302

A journal article with 2 authors

Pruitt JN, Goodnight CJ (2014) Site-specific group selection drives locally adapted group compositions. Nature 514:359–362

A journal article with 3 authors

Song H, Stevens CF, Gage FH (2002) Astroglia induce neurogenesis from adult neural stem cells. Nature 417:39–44

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kissel J, Krueger FR, Silén J, Clark BC (2004) The Cometary and Interstellar Dust Analyzer at comet 81P/Wild 2. Science 304:1774–1776

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Koch HJ (2016) Practical Guide to International Standardization for Electrical Engineers. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Löwe B, Normann D, Soskov I, Soskova A (2011) Models of Computation in Context: 7th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2011, Sofia, Bulgaria, June 27 - July 2, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Shi Y, Wu G, Song Z, Shen D (2012) Dense Deformation Reconstruction via Sparse Coding. In: Wang F, Shen D, Yan P, Suzuki K (eds) Machine Learning in Medical Imaging: Third International Workshop, MLMI 2012, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2012, Nice, France, October 1, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 36–44

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Forensic Toxicology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) How To Embrace Technology Without Dooming Humanity To Destruction. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Aviation Security: Vulnerabilities Still Exist in the Aviation Security System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rodriguez J (2010) Viviendo en las sombras: Examining the educational experiences of undocumented immigrant Latino students in a public secondary school setting. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron J (2016) Advice, and a Shop, for the Sleep-Deprived. New York Times A21

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Forensic Toxicology
Abbreviation	Forensic Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	1860-8965
ISSN (online)	1860-8973
Scope	Biochemistry, medical Pathology and Forensic Medicine Toxicology