How to format your references using the Forensic Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Forensic Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wagner PJ (2015) EVOLUTION. One era you are in—the next you are out. Science 350:736–737

A journal article with 2 authors

Nandy D, Choudhuri AR (2002) Explaining the latitudinal distribution of sunspots with deep meridional flow. Science 296:1671–1673

A journal article with 3 authors

Iwai M, Yokono M, Nakano A (2014) Visualizing structural dynamics of thylakoid membranes. Sci Rep 4:3768

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Yang Q, Lu Z, Sun X, Liu J (2013) Ultrathin Co3O4 nanosheet arrays with high supercapacitive performance. Sci Rep 3:3537

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Laycock J, Meeran K (2012) Integrated Endocrinology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Schmüser P (2014) Free-Electron Lasers in the Ultraviolet and X-Ray Regime: Physical Principles, Experimental Results, Technical Realization, 2nd ed. 2014. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Küster U, König-Ries B (2010) Measures for Benchmarking Semantic Web Service Matchmaking Correctness. In: Aroyo L, Antoniou G, Hyvönen E, et al (eds) The Semantic Web: Research and Applications: 7th Extended Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2010, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, May 30 – June 3, 2010, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 45–59

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Forensic Toxicology.

Blog post

Andrews R (2017) We Are Now Closer To Making Artificial Life Than Ever Before. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2004) Telecommunications: GSA Has Made Progress in Planning Governmentwide Program but Challenges Remain. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brown CE (2013) Sources for the reevaluation of George Frederick Root’s career: The autobiography & a secular cantata. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara S (2014) An Eye for the 20th Century. New York Times WE10

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Forensic Toxicology
Abbreviation	Forensic Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	1860-8965
ISSN (online)	1860-8973
Scope	Biochemistry, medical Pathology and Forensic Medicine Toxicology