How to format your references using the Food Digestion: Research and Current Opinion citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Food Digestion: Research and Current Opinion. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Doney SC (2010) The growing human footprint on coastal and open-ocean biogeochemistry. Science 328:1512–1516

A journal article with 2 authors

Noriega C, Araujo M (2014) Carbon dioxide emissions from estuaries of northern and northeastern Brazil. Sci Rep 4:6164

A journal article with 3 authors

Velarde E, Ezcurra E, Anderson DW (2013) Seabird diets provide early warning of sardine fishery declines in the Gulf of California. Sci Rep 3:1332

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lonhienne TGA, Trusov Y, Young A, et al (2014) Effects of externally supplied protein on root morphology and biomass allocation in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 4:5055

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Reinke P (2012) Inorganic Nanostructures. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Anastassiou GA (2013) Intelligent Routines: Solving Mathematical Analysis with Matlab, Mathcad, Mathematica and Maple. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Silverman WK, Pina AA (2008) Psychosocial Treatments for Phobic and Anxiety Disorders in Youth. In: Steele RG, Elkin TD, Roberts MC (eds) Handbook of Evidence-Based Therapies for Children and Adolescents: Bridging Science and Practice. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 65–82

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Food Digestion: Research and Current Opinion.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Identifying And Overcoming Depression. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/identifying-and-overcoming-depression/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2017) NASA Commercial Crew Program: Schedule Pressure Increases as Contractors Delay Key Events. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vallaster JR (2019) Recognizing and Supporting the Forgotten Poverty Frontier: Exploring Suburban School Poverty in Elementary Schools. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Caba S (2015) Free Stay in Luxury! (Just Feed the Fish). New York Times TR7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Food Digestion: Research and Current Opinion
Abbreviation	Food Dig.
ISSN (print)	1869-1978
ISSN (online)	1869-1986
Scope	Food Science Gastroenterology