How to format your references using the FlatChem citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for FlatChem. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

F. Spoor, Palaeoanthropology: The middle Pliocene gets crowded, Nature 521 (2015) 432–433.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. Strong, G. Church, Gem of an idea for a unique machine, Nature 447 (2007) 112.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

W. Jiang, F.T. Birk, D. Davidović, Effects of confinement and electron transport on magnetic switching in single Co nanoparticles, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 1200.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H. Brüggemann, A. Henne, F. Hoster, H. Liesegang, A. Wiezer, A. Strittmatter, S. Hujer, P. Dürre, G. Gottschalk, The complete genome sequence of Propionibacterium acnes, a commensal of human skin, Science 305 (2004) 671–673.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Lednicer, Antineoplastic Drugs, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2015.

An edited book

[1]

L. Aceto, A. Ingólfsdóttir, eds., Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures: 9th International Conference, FOSSACS 2006, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2006, Vienna, Austria, March 25-31, 2006. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T.J.J. Altizer, To D. G. Leahy (January 17, 1997), in: M. Grimshaw (Ed.), This Silence Must Now Speak: Letters of Thomas J. J. Altizer, 1995–2015, Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY, 2016: pp. 15–17.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for FlatChem.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Junk Food Rats Ditch Balanced Diet To Eat Just Like Obese People, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/brain/junk-food-rats-ditch-balanced-diet-eat-just-obese-people/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Implementation of P.L. 94-142 as It Relates to Handicapped Delinquents in the District of Columbia, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J.J. Gibson, An Assessment of Factors Relating to High School Students’ Science Self-Efficacy, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Greenhouse, Justices Accept Question of Prosecutors as Lawyers or Managers, New York Times (2008) A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	FlatChem
Abbreviation	FlatChem
ISSN (print)	2452-2627
Scope