How to format your references using the Fertility and Sterility citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fertility and Sterility. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

DeWeerdt S. Food: The omnivore’s labyrinth. Nature 2011;471(7339):S22-4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Screen JA, Simmonds I. The central role of diminishing sea ice in recent Arctic temperature amplification. Nature 2010;464(7293):1334–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhu T, Satoh T, Kato K. Structural insight into substrate recognition by the endoplasmic reticulum folding-sensor enzyme: crystal structure of third thioredoxin-like domain of UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase. Sci Rep 2014;4:7322.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zalmout IS, Sanders WJ, Maclatchy LM, Gunnell GF, Al-Mufarreh YA, Ali MA, et al. New Oligocene primate from Saudi Arabia and the divergence of apes and Old World monkeys. Nature 2010;466(7304):360–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tang C. The Data Industry: The Business and Economics of Information and Big Data. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

Zaffagnini S, Becker R, Kerkhoffs GMMJ, Espregueira Mendes J, Dijk CN van, editors. ESSKA Instructional Course Lecture Book: Amsterdam 2014. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Burger M, Hinze M, Pinnau R. Optimization models for semiconductor dopant profiling. In: Cercignani C, Gabetta E, editors. Transport Phenomena and Kinetic Theory: Applications to Gases, Semiconductors, Photons, and Biological Systems. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2007. p. 91–115.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fertility and Sterility.

Blog post

Davis J. Evidence Of Some Of South America’s Earliest Modern Humans Found Under Pyramid In Peru [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/evidence-of-some-of-south-americas-earliest-modern-humans-found-under-pyramid-in-peru/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Safety: Chicago Center Work Force Views of the Air Traffic Control System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Archibald GA. Regionalizing competitive talent: An exploratory study of the role of human capital management in the context of economic integration and labor mobility. 2008;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kleinfield NR. Broken Boys, Thieves, Killers, and Now Escapees. New York Times. 2015;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Fertility and Sterility
Abbreviation	Fertil. Steril.
ISSN (print)	0015-0282
ISSN (online)	1556-5653
Scope	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Reproductive Medicine