How to format your references using the Exposure and Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Exposure and Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koenig R (2000) EUROPEAN SCIENCE: Research Behemoth Slated for Overhaul. Science 289:2019b

A journal article with 2 authors

Fehr E, Gächter S (2002) Altruistic punishment in humans. Nature 415:137–140

A journal article with 3 authors

Zylka MJ, Philpot BD, King IF (2014) Zylka et al. reply. Nature 512:E2

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Könneke M, Bernhard AE, de la Torre JR, et al (2005) Isolation of an autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing marine archaeon. Nature 437:543–546

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety (2007) Guidelines for Performing Effective Pre-startup Safety Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Möslein KM (2009) Strategies for Innovators: HHL Open School Case Book. Gabler, Wiesbaden

A chapter in an edited book

Pallara O, Froio F, Rinolfi A, Lo Presti D (2007) Assessment of Strength and Deformation of Coarse Grained Soils by Means of Penetration Tests and Laboratory Tests on Undisturbed Samples. In: Ling HI, Callisto L, Leshchinsky D, Koseki J (eds) Soil Stress-Strain Behavior: Measurement, Modeling and Analysis: A Collection of Papers of the Geotechnical Symposium in Rome, March 16–17, 2006. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 201–213

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Exposure and Health.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Nobel Prize In Physics Awarded To Scientists Who Invented Blue LED. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/nobel-prize-physics-awarded-scientists-who-invented-blue-led/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1974) Head Start Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Griner KF (2014) The Effectiveness of the Integrative Career Counseling Model. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2016) A Raging Diva, Centuries Before Soap Operas. New York Times C4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Koenig 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Koenig 2000; Fehr and Gächter 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fehr and Gächter 2002)
Three or more authors: (Könneke et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Exposure and Health
Abbreviation	Expo. Health
ISSN (print)	2451-9766
ISSN (online)	2451-9685
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Water Science and Technology Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Research and Writing Guides