How to format your references using the European Social Work Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Social Work Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Angerer, P. (2004) Graduate journal: the lab environment, Nature, 428(6979), 238.

A journal article with 2 authors

Francesconi, M. and Lehner, B. (2014) The effects of genetic variation on gene expression dynamics during development, Nature, 505(7482), 208–211.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ronshaugen, M., McGinnis, N. and McGinnis, W. (2002) Hox protein mutation and macroevolution of the insect body plan, Nature, 415(6874), 914–917.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang, Y., Fan, H., Xu, J., et al (2013) Network analysis reveals functional cross-links between disease and inflammation genes, Scientific reports, 3, 3426.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwartz, R.A., Carew, M.G. and Maksimenko, T. (2010) Micro Markets Workbook, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ackerman, M.S. (2008) Resources, Co-Evolution and Artifacts: Theory in CSCW. Computer Supported Cooperative Work. Halverson, C.A., Erickson, T. and Kellogg, W.A. (eds.), London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chappell, C.P., Dauner, J. and Jacob*, J. (2009) “ONTOGENY OF THE SECONDARY ANTIBODY RESPONSE: ORIGINS AND CLONAL DIVERSITY.”, in Schoenberger, S.P., Katsikis, P.D. and Pulendran, B. (eds.), Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity II. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, New York, NY: Springer. pp 27–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Social Work Research.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015) Stephen Hawking Warns Us About Artificial Intelligence, IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/technology/stephen-hawking-responds-questions-reddit-discusses-ai-and-women/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2011) Polar Satellites: Agencies Need to Address Potential Gaps in Weather and Climate Data Coverage. GAO-11-945T, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garcia, M.J. (2009) Teacher knowledge of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and effective classroom interventions, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stephens, J. (2017) Secrets of the Metropolis, New York Times, 11 May, p BR21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Angerer, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Angerer, 2004; Francesconi and Lehner, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Francesconi and Lehner, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al, 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Social Work Research
ISSN (online)	2755-1768
Scope