How to format your references using the European Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Geach JE. Galaxy formation: When the wind blows. Nature. 2015 Mar;519(7544):423–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hill A, Cooke G. Medicine. Hepatitis C can be cured globally, but at what cost? Science. 2014 Jul;345(6193):141–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Viculis LM, Mack JJ, Kaner RB. A chemical route to carbon nanoscrolls. Science. 2003 Feb;299(5611):1361.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Jin M, Chen Y, Xu C, Zhang X. The effect of inhibition of host MreB on the infection of thermophilic phage GVE2 in high temperature environment. Sci Rep. 2014 Apr;4:4823.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sellars C. Risk Assessment in People with Learning Disabilities. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2011.

An edited book

Bernardini A. Bounding Uncertainty in Civil Engineering: Theoretical Background. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Rapoport M, Lhoták O, Tip F. Precise Data Flow Analysis in the Presence of Correlated Method Calls. In: Blazy S, Jensen T, editors. Static Analysis: 22nd International Symposium, SAS 2015, Saint-Malo, France, September 9-11, 2015, Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2015; pp 54–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Neurology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Game-Changing Photocell Turns Carbon Dioxide Into Fuel [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016 Aug [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/gamechanging-photocell-turns-carbon-dioxide-into-fuel/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Education and Employment Issue Area Plan--Fiscal Years 1996-98. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Scharf MT. Comparing Student Cumulative Course Grades, Attrition, and Satisfaction in Traditional and Virtual Classroom Environments. 2015

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart JB. For Tax Reform Lessons, Congress Needn’t Look Far. New York Times. 2017 Aug;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Neurology
Abbreviation	Eur. Neurol.
ISSN (print)	0014-3022
ISSN (online)	1421-9913
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology

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