How to format your references using the European Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowerman B. Cell biology. Oxidative stress and cancer: a beta-catenin convergence. Science. 2005 May;308(5725):1119–20.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gottlieb RA, Bernstein D. METABOLISM. Mitochondria shape cardiac metabolism. Science. 2015 Dec;350(6265):1162–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Stevens RC, Yokoyama S, Wilson IA. Global efforts in structural genomics. Science. 2001 Oct;294(5540):89–92.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhao H, Zheng L, Li X, Wang L. FasL gene -844T/C mutation of esophageal cancer in South China and its clinical significance. Sci Rep. 2014 Jan;4:3866.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Xiong K. Resource Optimization and Security for Cloud Services. Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

Nipkow T. Concrete Semantics: With Isabelle/HOL. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Rouan D. Ablation. In: Gargaud M, Amils R, Quintanilla JC, Cleaves HJ (jim), Irvine WM, Pinti DL, et al., editors. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011; pp 3–3.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Neurology.

Blog post

Hale T. “Thirsty” Concrete Can Drain 4,000 liters Of Water In Just One Minute [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Oct [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/thirsty-concrete-can-drain-over-800-gallons-one-minute/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Human Resources Information Systems Issue Area: Active Assignments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liang JR. A Risk Analysis of the Molybdenum-99 Supply Chain Using Bayesian Networks. 2017

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Of Horns and Whines And the Humble Earplug. New York Times. 2010 Jun;B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Neurology
Abbreviation	Eur. Neurol.
ISSN (print)	0014-3022
ISSN (online)	1421-9913
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology