How to format your references using the European Journal of Ultrasound (Ultraschall in der Medizin) citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Ultrasound (Ultraschall in der Medizin). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
1
Dickson D. UK ethicists back use of stem cells. Nature 2000; 404: 697.
A journal article with 2 authors
1
Maruyama D, Zochowski M. Competition and cooperation between active intra-network and passive extra-network transport processes. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 5269.
A journal article with 3 authors
1
Cello J, Paul AV, Wimmer E. Chemical synthesis of poliovirus cDNA: generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template. Science 2002; 297: 1016–1018.
A journal article with 4 or more authors
1
Lobo MK, Covington HE 3rd, Chaudhury D et al. Cell type-specific loss of BDNF signaling mimics optogenetic control of cocaine reward. Science 2010; 330: 385–390.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
1
Iyengar SS, Parameshwaran N, Phoha VV et al. Fundamentals of Sensor Network Programming, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010.
An edited book
1
Parinov IA, Chang S-H, Topolov VY, editors. Advanced Materials: Manufacturing, Physics, Mechanics and Applications,. 2016[Online] 1st ed. 2016 Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.
A chapter in an edited book
1
Glynn PW, Manzello DP. Bioerosion and Coral Reef Growth: A Dynamic Balance. In: Birkeland C (Ed.) Coral Reefs in the Anthropocene. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015; 67–97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Ultrasound (Ultraschall in der Medizin).

Blog post
1
Luntz S. Robots To The Rescue Of The Great Barrier Reef. In: IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018]. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/robots-to-the-rescue-of-the-great-barrier-reef/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
1
Government Accountability Office. Aviation Safety: Chicago Center Work Force Views of the Air Traffic Control System Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
1
Tofthagen CS. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool [Doctoral dissertation] Tampa, FL: University of South Florida; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
1
Paulson M. Uma Thurman to Star On Broadway This Fall. In: New York Times. 2017 Jul. 12 C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [3, 1, 4, 2].

About the journal

Full journal titleEuropean Journal of Ultrasound (Ultraschall in der Medizin)
AbbreviationUltraschall Med.
ISSN (print)0172-4614
ISSN (online)1438-8782
ScopeRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Other styles