How to format your references using the European Journal of Sustainable Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Sustainable Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dance, A. (2012). Health impact: Breathless. Nature, 489(7417), S2-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vollmer, D., & Butt, H.-J. (2015). Materials science: Droplets leap into action. Nature, 527(7576), 41–42.

A journal article with 3 authors

Oldroyd, G. E. D., Harrison, M. J., & Paszkowski, U. (2009). Reprogramming plant cells for endosymbiosis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5928), 753–754.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Park, S., Clark, B. L., Keszler, D. A., Bender, J. P., Wager, J. F., Reynolds, T. A., & Herman, G. S. (2002). Low-temperature thin-film deposition and crystallization. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5578), 65.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kowalick, T. M. (2004). Fatal Exit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kals, E., & Maes, J. (Eds.). (2012). Justice and Conflicts: Theoretical and Empirical Contributions. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Cristea, S., Kuipers, J., & Beerenwinkel, N. (2016). pathTiMEx: Joint Inference of Mutually Exclusive Cancer Pathways and Their Dependencies in Tumor Progression. In M. Singh (Ed.), Research in Computational Molecular Biology: 20th Annual Conference, RECOMB 2016, Santa Monica, CA, USA, April 17-21, 2016, Proceedings (pp. 65–82). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Sustainable Development.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016, September 26). Bacteria Found In Poop Is Linked To The Body Fat Surrounding Organs. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2007). Intercollegiate Athletics: Trends by Sport in National Collegiate Athletic Association Sports, an E-supplement to GAO-07-535 (GAO-07-744SP). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

He, C. (2005). Advanced Wavelet Application for Video Compression and Video Object Tracking [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. (2017, February 10). Yelling About Sex. New York Times, C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dance, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Dance, 2012; Vollmer & Butt, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vollmer & Butt, 2015)
Three authors: (Oldroyd et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Park et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Sustainable Development
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Sustain. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2239-5938
ISSN (online)	2239-6101
Scope