How to format your references using the European Journal of Sport Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Sport Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Richman, D. D. (2001). HIV chemotherapy. Nature, 410(6831), 995–1001.

A journal article with 2 authors

Flowers, R. M., & Farley, K. A. (2012). Apatite 4He/3He and (U-Th)/He evidence for an ancient Grand Canyon. Science (New York, N.Y.), 338(6114), 1616–1619.

A journal article with 3 authors

Koedinger, K. R., Booth, J. L., & Klahr, D. (2013). Education research. Instructional complexity and the science to constrain it. Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6161), 935–937.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hillman, T. R., Yamauchi, T., Choi, W., Dasari, R. R., Feld, M. S., Park, Y., & Yaqoob, Z. (2013). Digital optical phase conjugation for delivering two-dimensional images through turbid media. Scientific Reports, 3, 1909.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Avlonas, N., & Nassos, G. P. (2013). Practical Sustainability Strategies. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Vermeir, K., & Regier, J. (Eds.). (2016). Boundaries, Extents and Circulations: Space and Spatiality in Early Modern Natural Philosophy (Vol. 41). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Karmakar, B., & Mukhopadhayay, I. (2016). An Efficient Partition-Repetition Approach in Clustering of Big Data. In S. Pyne, B. L. S. P. Rao, & S. B. Rao (Eds.), Big Data Analytics: Methods and Applications (pp. 75–93). Springer India.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Sport Science.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2016, December 9). An Artist Wants To 3D Print Someone’s Laugh In Space. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/an-artist-wants-to-3d-print-someones-laugh-in-space/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1997). Health, Education and Human Services Information Systems Issue Area--Active Assignments (AA-97-29(1)). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barham, O. M. (2017). Microfabricated Bulk Piezoelectric Transformers [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard, B. (2017, May 30). Powerful or Offensive? Ramadan Ad Depicting Would-Be Terrorist Proves Divisive. New York Times, A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Richman, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Flowers & Farley, 2012; Richman, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Flowers & Farley, 2012)
Three authors: (Koedinger et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Hillman et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Sport Science
Abbreviation	EJSS (Champaign)
ISSN (print)	1746-1391
ISSN (online)	1536-7290
Scope	General Medicine Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation