How to format your references using the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rapoport TA. Protein translocation across the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum and bacterial plasma membranes. Nature 2007; 450: 663–669.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ha S-J, Moon JH. In-situ fabrication of macroporous films for dye-sensitised solar cells: formation of the scattering layer and the gelation of electrolytes. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 5375.

A journal article with 3 authors

Buffetaut E, Martill D, Escuillié F. Pterosaurs as part of a spinosaur diet. Nature 2004; 430: 33.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Fröhlich A, Kisielow J, Schmitz I, et al. IL-21R on T cells is critical for sustained functionality and control of chronic viral infection. Science 2009; 324: 1576–1580.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Boddy R, Smith G. Effective Experimentation. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010.

An edited book

Macey GP, Cannon JZ (eds). Reclaiming the Land: Rethinking Superfund Institutions, Methods and Practices. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Ellis JT, Sims RC, Miller CD. Monitoring Microbial Diversity of Bioreactors Using Metagenomic Approaches. In: Wang X, Chen J, Quinn P (eds) Reprogramming Microbial Metabolic Pathways. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012, pp. 73–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Why Did This Mysterious Ancient Chinese Civilization Disappear? IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earthquake-blamed-ancient-chinese-civilization-s-disappearance/ (2014, accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Linking Test Facilities Can Help Leverage Resources and Improve Technology Transfer Efforts. GAO-12-187T, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 7 November 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kehoe MI. Tobacco control: A qualitative assessment of the perceptions and practices of nurse practitioners. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Frequent Fliers: Takeout Menus Can’t Compete With Politics. New York Times, 9 September 2001, p. 144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	2047-4873
ISSN (online)	2047-4881
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Epidemiology

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