How to format your references using the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Al-Hashimi HM. Biochemistry. Exciting structures. Science 2010; 329: 1295–1296.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yeeles JTP, Marians KJ. The Escherichia coli replisome is inherently DNA damage tolerant. Science 2011; 334: 235–238.

A journal article with 3 authors

Exadaktylos F, Espín AM, Brañas-Garza P. Experimental subjects are not different. Sci Rep 2013; 3: 1213.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ma RZ, Gao J, Meeker ND, et al. Identification of Bphs, an autoimmune disease locus, as histamine receptor H1. Science 2002; 297: 620–623.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Armstrong HA, Brasier MD. Microfossils. Malden, MA USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2004.

An edited book

Lago M, Mysiak J, Gómez CM, et al. (eds). Use of Economic Instruments in Water Policy: Insights from International Experience. 1st ed. 2015. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Takuma T, Techaumnat B. Electric Field Behavior for the Common Contact of Three Dielectrics. In: Techaumnat B (ed) Electric Fields in Composite Dielectrics and their Applications. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010, pp. 61–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.

Blog post

Andrew D. Science Says Couples In Lasting Relationships Typically wait This Long To Start Having Sex. IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/science-says-couples-in-lasting-relationships-typically-wait-this-long-to-start-having-sex/ (2017, accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Progress Made to Set Up Program Using Private-Sector Airport Screeners, but More Work Remains. GAO-06-166, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 31 March 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pan Y. Long-Term Effects of Higher-Quality Early Childhood Education for At-Risk Children on Their Later Development and Resilience. Doctoral Dissertation, University of North Carolina, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kanter J. An Olio of E.U. Rules, Leading to Food Fights. New York Times, 22 June 2017, p. B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	2047-4873
ISSN (online)	2047-4881
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Epidemiology