How to format your references using the European Journal of Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Savage N 2015 Proteomics: High-protein research Nature 527 S6-7

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Stein S and Okal E A 2005 Seismology: speed and size of the Sumatra earthquake Nature 434 581–2

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Videler J J, Stamhuis E J and Povel G D E 2004 Leading-edge vortex lifts swifts Science 306 1960–2

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Prakriya M, Feske S, Gwack Y, Srikanth S, Rao A and Hogan P G 2006 Orai1 is an essential pore subunit of the CRAC channel Nature 443 230–3

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Schwarz D R 2014 Reading the European Novel to 1900 (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd)

An edited book

[1]

Mutondo J 2016 Water Governance Decentralization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Between Myth and Reality ed S Farolfi and A Dinar (Cham: Springer International Publishing)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Pellens B, Kleinermann F, De Troyer O and Bille W 2006 Model-Based Design of Virtual Environment Behavior Interactive Technologies and Sociotechnical Systems: 12th International Conference, VSMM 2006, Xi’an, China, October 18-20, 2006. Proceedings Lecture Notes in Computer Science ed H Zha, Z Pan, H Thwaites, A C Addison and M Forte (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer) pp 29–39

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Physics.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S 2017 Hubble Has Photographed A Giant Among Giants IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 2016 Child Care: Information on Integrating Early Care and Education Funding (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Primeaux S J 2014 The Role of Education, Empathy, and Psychological Flexibility in Implicit and Explicit Mental Health Stigma Doctoral dissertation ( Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Talmadge C 2017 A Military Budget Without a Plan New York Times A23

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Physics
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Phys.
ISSN (print)	0143-0807
ISSN (online)	1361-6404
Scope	General Physics and Astronomy