How to format your references using the European Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Elliott T. Planetary science. Speed metal. Science. 2014; 344: 1086–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vivier E, Biron CA. Immunology. A pathogen receptor on natural killer cells. Science. 2002; 296: 1248–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shahabi A, Wang H, Upmanyu M. Shaping van der Waals nanoribbons via torsional constraints: scrolls, folds and supercoils. Sci Rep. 2014; 4: 7004.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Xiong JP, Stehle T, Diefenbach B, et al. Crystal structure of the extracellular segment of integrin alpha Vbeta3. Science. 2001; 294: 339–45.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baguley D, Andersson G, McFerran D, McKenna L. Tinnitus: A Multidisciplinary Approach. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2013.

An edited book

Vacareanu R, Ionescu C, editors. The 1940 Vrancea Earthquake. Issues, Insights and Lessons Learnt: Proceedings of the Symposium Commemorating 75 Years from November 10, 1940 Vrancea Earthquake. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. XII, 521 p. 316 illus., 112 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Algaba F, Shen SS, Truong LD, Ro JY. Prostate. In: Shen SS, Ro JY, editors. Frozen Section Library: Genitourinary Tract. New York, NY: Springer; 2009. p. 115–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

Hale T. Neil deGrasse Explains How Batman Could Defeat Superman [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/neil-degrasse-tyson-discusses-if-batman-could-ever-defeat-superman-0/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information on the Requirement for Strategic Airlift. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Konzem SR. Tenability and Computability of Generalized Pólya Urns [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Craig S. Trump’s Empire: A Maze of Debts and Opaque Ties. New York Times. 2016; : A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	1120-6721
ISSN (online)	1724-6016
Scope	General Medicine Ophthalmology

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