How to format your references using the European Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hall A. Climate. Projecting regional change. Science. 2014; 346: 1461–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Malik S, Roeder RG. Biochemistry. Have your PIC! Science. 2013; 342: 706–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Camilleri E, Rohde PP, Twamley J. Quantum walks with tuneable self-avoidance in one dimension. Sci Rep. 2014; 4: 4791.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Amanullah A, Azam N, Balliet A, et al. Cell signalling: cell survival and a Gadd45-factor deficiency. Nature. 2003; 424: 741; discussion 742.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gladon RJ, Graves WR, Kelly JM. Getting Published in the Life Sciences. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Foster J. A Short Course in General Relativity. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006. X, 292 p. 51 illus p.

A chapter in an edited book

Knudsen TL. On the Application of Areas in the Śulbasūtras. In: Yadav BS, Mohan M, editors. Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2011. p. 63–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

Andrew E. It’s A Crying Shame When Nobel Laureates Are Exposed As Sexist [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/it-s-crying-shame-when-nobel-laureates-are-exposed-sexist/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Trust Fund: Strategies for Safeguarding Highway Financing. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hutsell JD. School board members’ perception on their roles and responsibilities in developing policy that affects student achievement [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear MD. An Unusual Place for a President’s Family on a Foreign Trip: Center Stage. New York Times. 2017; : A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	1120-6721
ISSN (online)	1724-6016
Scope	General Medicine Ophthalmology