How to format your references using the European Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Silverberg R. Pluto story. Nature. 2000; 403: 367.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jucker T, Coomes DA. Comment on “Plant species richness and ecosystem multifunctionality in global drylands.” Science. 2012; 337: 155; author reply 155.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wilson HR, Blake R, Lee SH. Dynamics of travelling waves in visual perception. Nature. 2001; 412: 907–10.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Beaumont HJE, Gallie J, Kost C, Ferguson GC, Rainey PB. Experimental evolution of bet hedging. Nature. 2009; 462: 90–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stephans RA. System Safety for the 21 st Century. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2004.

An edited book

Lichtfouse E, Schwarzbauer J, Robert D, editors. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World: Volume 2: Remediation of Air and Water Pollution. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012. XX, 548 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Spaccasassi C, Koutavas V. Towards Efficient Abstractions for Concurrent Consensus. In: McCarthy J, editor. Trends in Functional Programming: 14th International Symposium, TFP 2013, Provo, UT, USA, May 14-16, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 76–90.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Soft Robot Keeps Moving, Even After Getting Run Over By A Car [Internet]. IFLScience. 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/untethered-soft-robot-keeps-moving-even-after-getting-run-over-car/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Office of Education Should Improve Procedures To Recover Defaulted Loans Under the Guaranteed Student Loan Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1971.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crowley CJ. A critical analysis of the CELF-4: The responsible clinician’s guide to the CELF-4 [Doctoral dissertation]. [New York, NY]: Columbia University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg B. Young Stars Climb Rankings, Jolting Russia’s Dormant Men’s Game to Life. New York Times. 2017; : B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	1120-6721
ISSN (online)	1724-6016
Scope	General Medicine Ophthalmology